Plate reduction in southern Japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Abstract Adaptation to similar environments can lead to the evolution of similar phenotypes in phylogenetically independent lineages. However, the extent of parallel evolution often varies. Because such variations can be due to environmental heterogeneity among seemingly similar habitats, identifica...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10077 |
| _version_ | 1797776534952476672 |
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| author | Hiyu Kanbe Takuya K. Hosoki Tomoyuki Kokita Seiichi Mori Jun Kitano |
| author_facet | Hiyu Kanbe Takuya K. Hosoki Tomoyuki Kokita Seiichi Mori Jun Kitano |
| author_sort | Hiyu Kanbe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Adaptation to similar environments can lead to the evolution of similar phenotypes in phylogenetically independent lineages. However, the extent of parallel evolution often varies. Because such variations can be due to environmental heterogeneity among seemingly similar habitats, identification of the environmental factors that cause non‐parallel patterns can provide valuable insight into the ecological factors associated with phenotypic diversification. Armor plate reduction in replicate freshwater populations of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) represents a well‐known example of parallel evolution. Many freshwater populations in multiple regions of the Northern Hemisphere have reduced plate numbers, but not all freshwater populations exhibit plate reduction. In this study, we characterized plate number variation in Japanese freshwater populations and investigated the association between plate number and several abiotic environmental factors. We found that most freshwater populations have not reduced plate numbers in Japan. Plate reduction tends to occur in habitats with warmer winter temperatures at lower latitudes in Japan. In contrast, low dissolved calcium levels or water turbidity had no significant effects on plate reduction, although these were reported to be associated with plate reduction in Europe. Although our data are consistent with the hypothesis that winter temperatures are associated with plate reduction, further studies on the relationship between temperatures and fitness using sticklebacks with varying plate numbers are necessary to confirm this hypothesis and understand the factors causing variations in the extent of parallel evolution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:52:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c40bb4d1898f4b1b88e05f2a1982b669 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:52:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-c40bb4d1898f4b1b88e05f2a1982b6692023-07-20T08:50:55ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582023-05-01135n/an/a10.1002/ece3.10077Plate reduction in southern Japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)Hiyu Kanbe0Takuya K. Hosoki1Tomoyuki Kokita2Seiichi Mori3Jun Kitano4Ecological Genetics Laboratory National Institute of Genetics Shizuoka JapanEcological Genetics Laboratory National Institute of Genetics Shizuoka JapanDepartment of Agriculture Kyushu University Fukuoka JapanFaculty of Economy Gifu‐kyoritsu University Gifu JapanEcological Genetics Laboratory National Institute of Genetics Shizuoka JapanAbstract Adaptation to similar environments can lead to the evolution of similar phenotypes in phylogenetically independent lineages. However, the extent of parallel evolution often varies. Because such variations can be due to environmental heterogeneity among seemingly similar habitats, identification of the environmental factors that cause non‐parallel patterns can provide valuable insight into the ecological factors associated with phenotypic diversification. Armor plate reduction in replicate freshwater populations of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) represents a well‐known example of parallel evolution. Many freshwater populations in multiple regions of the Northern Hemisphere have reduced plate numbers, but not all freshwater populations exhibit plate reduction. In this study, we characterized plate number variation in Japanese freshwater populations and investigated the association between plate number and several abiotic environmental factors. We found that most freshwater populations have not reduced plate numbers in Japan. Plate reduction tends to occur in habitats with warmer winter temperatures at lower latitudes in Japan. In contrast, low dissolved calcium levels or water turbidity had no significant effects on plate reduction, although these were reported to be associated with plate reduction in Europe. Although our data are consistent with the hypothesis that winter temperatures are associated with plate reduction, further studies on the relationship between temperatures and fitness using sticklebacks with varying plate numbers are necessary to confirm this hypothesis and understand the factors causing variations in the extent of parallel evolution.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10077absorbanceconvergent evolutiondissolved organic carbonironnon‐parallel |
| spellingShingle | Hiyu Kanbe Takuya K. Hosoki Tomoyuki Kokita Seiichi Mori Jun Kitano Plate reduction in southern Japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) Ecology and Evolution absorbance convergent evolution dissolved organic carbon iron non‐parallel |
| title | Plate reduction in southern Japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) |
| title_full | Plate reduction in southern Japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) |
| title_fullStr | Plate reduction in southern Japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plate reduction in southern Japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) |
| title_short | Plate reduction in southern Japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) |
| title_sort | plate reduction in southern japanese freshwater populations of threespine stickleback gasterosteus aculeatus |
| topic | absorbance convergent evolution dissolved organic carbon iron non‐parallel |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10077 |
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