Differences in gram-positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality setting
Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus and beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) diseases disproportionately affect populations in middle/low-income countries. To assess if this disparity is reflected in colonization by these organisms, we compared their colonization frequency among children from dif...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-019-4104-2 |
| _version_ | 1819000765688053760 |
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| author | Felipe Piedade Gonçalves Neves Mariel Asbury Marlow Gabriel Rezende-Pereira Marcos Gabriel Pinheiro Allyne Fandino Martinez dos Santos Maria de Fátima Nogueira de Freitas Rosana Rocha Barros Fábio Aguiar-Alves Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso Lee Woodland Riley |
| author_facet | Felipe Piedade Gonçalves Neves Mariel Asbury Marlow Gabriel Rezende-Pereira Marcos Gabriel Pinheiro Allyne Fandino Martinez dos Santos Maria de Fátima Nogueira de Freitas Rosana Rocha Barros Fábio Aguiar-Alves Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso Lee Woodland Riley |
| author_sort | Felipe Piedade Gonçalves Neves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus and beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) diseases disproportionately affect populations in middle/low-income countries. To assess if this disparity is reflected in colonization by these organisms, we compared their colonization frequency among children from different socioeconomic status (SES) communities in a city with high income inequality. Methods Between May–August 2014, we collected nasal and throat swabs to investigate S. aureus and BHS colonization among children who attended private and public pediatric clinics. Patients were classified as high SES, middle/low SES, and slum residents. We investigated the antimicrobial resistance profile, the SCCmec types and the presence of PVL genes among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). We also examined the antimicrobial resistance profile and serogroups of BHS. Results Of 598 children, 221 (37%) were colonized with S. aureus, of which 49 (22%) were MRSA. MRSA colonization was higher in middle/low SES (n = 18; 14%) compared with high SES (n = 17; 6%) and slum (n = 14; 8%) residents (p = 0.01). All MRSA strains were susceptible to clindamycin, nitrofurantoin, and rifampin. The highest non-susceptibility frequency (42.9%) was observed to erythromycin. SCCmec type V was only found in isolates from high SES children; types I and II were found only in middle/low SES children. Ten (20%) MRSA isolates carried PVL genes. Twenty-four (4%) children were BHS carriers. All BHS (n = 8) found in high SES children and six (67%) isolates from slum patients belonged to group A. All group B streptococci were from middle/low SES children, corresponding to five (71%) of the seven BHS isolated in this group. BHS isolates were susceptible to all drugs tested. Conclusions Children from different SES communities had distinct bacterial colonization profiles, including MRSA carriage. Public health officials/researchers should consider SES when assessing disease transmission and control measures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:38:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c43b3425b181449889dc17d2e9deb528 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:38:31Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-c43b3425b181449889dc17d2e9deb5282022-12-21T19:24:31ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342019-05-011911910.1186/s12879-019-4104-2Differences in gram-positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality settingFelipe Piedade Gonçalves Neves0Mariel Asbury Marlow1Gabriel Rezende-Pereira2Marcos Gabriel Pinheiro3Allyne Fandino Martinez dos Santos4Maria de Fátima Nogueira de Freitas5Rosana Rocha Barros6Fábio Aguiar-Alves7Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso8Lee Woodland Riley9Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal FluminenseSchool of Public Health, University of CaliforniaInstituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal FluminenseLaboratório Universitário Rodolpho Albino, Universidade Federal FluminenseLaboratório Universitário Rodolpho Albino, Universidade Federal FluminenseLaboratório Universitário Rodolpho Albino, Universidade Federal FluminenseInstituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal FluminenseLaboratório Universitário Rodolpho Albino, Universidade Federal FluminenseFaculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal FluminenseSchool of Public Health, University of CaliforniaAbstract Background Staphylococcus aureus and beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) diseases disproportionately affect populations in middle/low-income countries. To assess if this disparity is reflected in colonization by these organisms, we compared their colonization frequency among children from different socioeconomic status (SES) communities in a city with high income inequality. Methods Between May–August 2014, we collected nasal and throat swabs to investigate S. aureus and BHS colonization among children who attended private and public pediatric clinics. Patients were classified as high SES, middle/low SES, and slum residents. We investigated the antimicrobial resistance profile, the SCCmec types and the presence of PVL genes among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). We also examined the antimicrobial resistance profile and serogroups of BHS. Results Of 598 children, 221 (37%) were colonized with S. aureus, of which 49 (22%) were MRSA. MRSA colonization was higher in middle/low SES (n = 18; 14%) compared with high SES (n = 17; 6%) and slum (n = 14; 8%) residents (p = 0.01). All MRSA strains were susceptible to clindamycin, nitrofurantoin, and rifampin. The highest non-susceptibility frequency (42.9%) was observed to erythromycin. SCCmec type V was only found in isolates from high SES children; types I and II were found only in middle/low SES children. Ten (20%) MRSA isolates carried PVL genes. Twenty-four (4%) children were BHS carriers. All BHS (n = 8) found in high SES children and six (67%) isolates from slum patients belonged to group A. All group B streptococci were from middle/low SES children, corresponding to five (71%) of the seven BHS isolated in this group. BHS isolates were susceptible to all drugs tested. Conclusions Children from different SES communities had distinct bacterial colonization profiles, including MRSA carriage. Public health officials/researchers should consider SES when assessing disease transmission and control measures.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-019-4104-2MRSABeta-hemolytic streptococciColonizationHealth disparitiesIncome inequality |
| spellingShingle | Felipe Piedade Gonçalves Neves Mariel Asbury Marlow Gabriel Rezende-Pereira Marcos Gabriel Pinheiro Allyne Fandino Martinez dos Santos Maria de Fátima Nogueira de Freitas Rosana Rocha Barros Fábio Aguiar-Alves Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso Lee Woodland Riley Differences in gram-positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality setting BMC Infectious Diseases MRSA Beta-hemolytic streptococci Colonization Health disparities Income inequality |
| title | Differences in gram-positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality setting |
| title_full | Differences in gram-positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality setting |
| title_fullStr | Differences in gram-positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality setting |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differences in gram-positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality setting |
| title_short | Differences in gram-positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality setting |
| title_sort | differences in gram positive bacterial colonization and antimicrobial resistance among children in a high income inequality setting |
| topic | MRSA Beta-hemolytic streptococci Colonization Health disparities Income inequality |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-019-4104-2 |
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