Obesity and adiposity of 3- to 6-year-old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban South African setting
Background Understanding the association between maternal metabolic conditions in pregnancy and the risk of childhood overweight, a growing concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), helps to identify opportunities for childhood obesity prevention. Aim To assess the association between hyperglycaemia firs...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Annals of Human Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2021.1918245 |
| _version_ | 1827818341608194048 |
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| author | Larske M. Soepnel Veronique Nicolaou Christine Slater Glory Chidumwa Naomi S. Levitt Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch Shane A. Norris |
| author_facet | Larske M. Soepnel Veronique Nicolaou Christine Slater Glory Chidumwa Naomi S. Levitt Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch Shane A. Norris |
| author_sort | Larske M. Soepnel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Understanding the association between maternal metabolic conditions in pregnancy and the risk of childhood overweight, a growing concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), helps to identify opportunities for childhood obesity prevention. Aim To assess the association between hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy (HFDP) (gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and diabetes in pregnancy [DIP]) and child obesity and adiposity in pre-school-aged children in South Africa, independently of maternal BMI. Subjects and methods Measurement of anthropometry and fat mass index (FMI) by the deuterium dilution method was done for 102 3–6-year-old children born to mothers with HFDP and 102 HFDP-unexposed children. Hierarchical regression analysis and generalised structural equation modelling (GSEM) were performed. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 10.5% and 11.1% in children exposed to GDM and DIP, respectively, and 3.9% in the HFDP-unexposed group. Log-transformed FMI was significantly higher in the DIP-exposed group (β = 0.166, 95% CI = 0.014–0.217 p= .026), but not when adjusting for maternal pregnancy BMI (β = 0.226, 95% CI = 0.003–0.015, p = .004). GSEM showed significant total effects of maternal BMI and birth weight on FMI/BMI. Conclusions Maternal pregnancy BMI seems to play a greater role in the development of childhood adiposity than maternal hyperglycaemia, requiring further research and identifying maternal BMI as a relevant prevention target in our setting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:46:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c4475f413e4f42e69eb6dd5b9d0623f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0301-4460 1464-5033 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:46:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Human Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c4475f413e4f42e69eb6dd5b9d0623f72023-09-14T15:36:13ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAnnals of Human Biology0301-44601464-50332021-02-01482819210.1080/03014460.2021.19182451918245Obesity and adiposity of 3- to 6-year-old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban South African settingLarske M. Soepnel0Veronique Nicolaou1Christine Slater2Glory Chidumwa3Naomi S. Levitt4Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch5Shane A. Norris6SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandSAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandIndependent ConsultantDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandDepartment of Medicine, Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape TownJulius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversitySAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandBackground Understanding the association between maternal metabolic conditions in pregnancy and the risk of childhood overweight, a growing concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), helps to identify opportunities for childhood obesity prevention. Aim To assess the association between hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy (HFDP) (gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and diabetes in pregnancy [DIP]) and child obesity and adiposity in pre-school-aged children in South Africa, independently of maternal BMI. Subjects and methods Measurement of anthropometry and fat mass index (FMI) by the deuterium dilution method was done for 102 3–6-year-old children born to mothers with HFDP and 102 HFDP-unexposed children. Hierarchical regression analysis and generalised structural equation modelling (GSEM) were performed. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 10.5% and 11.1% in children exposed to GDM and DIP, respectively, and 3.9% in the HFDP-unexposed group. Log-transformed FMI was significantly higher in the DIP-exposed group (β = 0.166, 95% CI = 0.014–0.217 p= .026), but not when adjusting for maternal pregnancy BMI (β = 0.226, 95% CI = 0.003–0.015, p = .004). GSEM showed significant total effects of maternal BMI and birth weight on FMI/BMI. Conclusions Maternal pregnancy BMI seems to play a greater role in the development of childhood adiposity than maternal hyperglycaemia, requiring further research and identifying maternal BMI as a relevant prevention target in our setting.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2021.1918245gestational hyperglycaemiachildhood obesitychildhood adipositysouth africamaternal bmi |
| spellingShingle | Larske M. Soepnel Veronique Nicolaou Christine Slater Glory Chidumwa Naomi S. Levitt Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch Shane A. Norris Obesity and adiposity of 3- to 6-year-old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban South African setting Annals of Human Biology gestational hyperglycaemia childhood obesity childhood adiposity south africa maternal bmi |
| title | Obesity and adiposity of 3- to 6-year-old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban South African setting |
| title_full | Obesity and adiposity of 3- to 6-year-old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban South African setting |
| title_fullStr | Obesity and adiposity of 3- to 6-year-old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban South African setting |
| title_full_unstemmed | Obesity and adiposity of 3- to 6-year-old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban South African setting |
| title_short | Obesity and adiposity of 3- to 6-year-old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban South African setting |
| title_sort | obesity and adiposity of 3 to 6 year old children born to mothers with hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy in an urban south african setting |
| topic | gestational hyperglycaemia childhood obesity childhood adiposity south africa maternal bmi |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2021.1918245 |
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