Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Type 2 diabetes leads to severe nocturnal hypoxemia, with an increase in apnea events and daytime sleepiness. Hence, we assessed sleep breathing parameters in the prediabetes stage. A cross-sectional study conducted on 966 middle-aged subjects without known pulmonary disease (311 patients with predi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/5/1413 |
| _version_ | 1797474733008093184 |
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| author | Enric Sánchez Esther Sapiña-Beltrán Ricard Gavaldà Ferran Barbé Gerard Torres Ariadna Sauret Mireia Dalmases Carolina López-Cano Liliana Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla Marcelino Bermúdez-López Elvira Fernández Francisco Purroy Eva Castro-Boqué Cristina Farràs-Sallés Reinald Pamplona Dídac Mauricio Cristina Hernández Rafael Simó Albert Lecube on behalf of the ILERVAS Project Collaborators |
| author_facet | Enric Sánchez Esther Sapiña-Beltrán Ricard Gavaldà Ferran Barbé Gerard Torres Ariadna Sauret Mireia Dalmases Carolina López-Cano Liliana Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla Marcelino Bermúdez-López Elvira Fernández Francisco Purroy Eva Castro-Boqué Cristina Farràs-Sallés Reinald Pamplona Dídac Mauricio Cristina Hernández Rafael Simó Albert Lecube on behalf of the ILERVAS Project Collaborators |
| author_sort | Enric Sánchez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type 2 diabetes leads to severe nocturnal hypoxemia, with an increase in apnea events and daytime sleepiness. Hence, we assessed sleep breathing parameters in the prediabetes stage. A cross-sectional study conducted on 966 middle-aged subjects without known pulmonary disease (311 patients with prediabetes and 655 controls with normal glucose metabolism) was conducted. Prediabetes was defined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and a nonattended overnight home sleep study was performed. Participants with prediabetes (<i>n</i> = 311) displayed a higher apnea–hypopnea index (AHI: 12.7 (6.1;24.3) vs. 9.5 (4.2;19.6) events/h, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and hypopnea index (HI: 8.4 (4.0;14.9) vs. 6.0 (2.7;12.6) events/h, <i>p</i> < 0.001) than controls, without differences in the apnea index. Altogether, the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was higher in subjects with prediabetes than in controls (78.1 vs. 69.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Additionally, subjects with prediabetes presented impaired measurements of the median and minimum nocturnal oxygen saturation, the percentage of time spent with oxygen saturations below 90%, and the 4% oxygen desaturation index in comparison with individuals without prediabetes (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all). After adjusting for age, sex, and the presence of obesity, HbA1c correlated with the HI in the entire population (r = 0.141, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and the presence of prediabetes was independently associated with the AHI (B = 2.20 (0.10 to 4.31), <i>p</i> = 0.040) as well as the HI (B = 1.87 (0.61 to 3.14), <i>p</i> = 0.004) in the multiple linear regression model. We conclude that prediabetes is an independent risk factor for an increased AHI after adjusting for age, sex, and obesity. The enhanced AHI is mainly associated with increments in the hypopnea events. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:34:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c454ee291c394de2ab7c161ef8f70357 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:34:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c454ee291c394de2ab7c161ef8f703572023-11-23T23:15:32ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-03-01115141310.3390/jcm11051413Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered BreathingEnric Sánchez0Esther Sapiña-Beltrán1Ricard Gavaldà2Ferran Barbé3Gerard Torres4Ariadna Sauret5Mireia Dalmases6Carolina López-Cano7Liliana Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla8Marcelino Bermúdez-López9Elvira Fernández10Francisco Purroy11Eva Castro-Boqué12Cristina Farràs-Sallés13Reinald Pamplona14Dídac Mauricio15Cristina Hernández16Rafael Simó17Albert Lecube18on behalf of the ILERVAS Project CollaboratorsEndocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, SpainUniversity of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, SpainAmalfi Analytics, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, 08034 Barcelona, SpainUniversity of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, SpainUniversity of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, SpainUniversity of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, SpainVascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, SpainVascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, SpainUniversity of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, SpainVascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, SpainApplied Epidemiology Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, SpainUniversity of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, SpainDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, SpainType 2 diabetes leads to severe nocturnal hypoxemia, with an increase in apnea events and daytime sleepiness. Hence, we assessed sleep breathing parameters in the prediabetes stage. A cross-sectional study conducted on 966 middle-aged subjects without known pulmonary disease (311 patients with prediabetes and 655 controls with normal glucose metabolism) was conducted. Prediabetes was defined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and a nonattended overnight home sleep study was performed. Participants with prediabetes (<i>n</i> = 311) displayed a higher apnea–hypopnea index (AHI: 12.7 (6.1;24.3) vs. 9.5 (4.2;19.6) events/h, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and hypopnea index (HI: 8.4 (4.0;14.9) vs. 6.0 (2.7;12.6) events/h, <i>p</i> < 0.001) than controls, without differences in the apnea index. Altogether, the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was higher in subjects with prediabetes than in controls (78.1 vs. 69.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Additionally, subjects with prediabetes presented impaired measurements of the median and minimum nocturnal oxygen saturation, the percentage of time spent with oxygen saturations below 90%, and the 4% oxygen desaturation index in comparison with individuals without prediabetes (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all). After adjusting for age, sex, and the presence of obesity, HbA1c correlated with the HI in the entire population (r = 0.141, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and the presence of prediabetes was independently associated with the AHI (B = 2.20 (0.10 to 4.31), <i>p</i> = 0.040) as well as the HI (B = 1.87 (0.61 to 3.14), <i>p</i> = 0.004) in the multiple linear regression model. We conclude that prediabetes is an independent risk factor for an increased AHI after adjusting for age, sex, and obesity. The enhanced AHI is mainly associated with increments in the hypopnea events.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/5/1413apneaglycated hemoglobinhypopneaprediabetesobstructive sleep apnea |
| spellingShingle | Enric Sánchez Esther Sapiña-Beltrán Ricard Gavaldà Ferran Barbé Gerard Torres Ariadna Sauret Mireia Dalmases Carolina López-Cano Liliana Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla Marcelino Bermúdez-López Elvira Fernández Francisco Purroy Eva Castro-Boqué Cristina Farràs-Sallés Reinald Pamplona Dídac Mauricio Cristina Hernández Rafael Simó Albert Lecube on behalf of the ILERVAS Project Collaborators Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing Journal of Clinical Medicine apnea glycated hemoglobin hypopnea prediabetes obstructive sleep apnea |
| title | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
| title_full | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
| title_fullStr | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
| title_short | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
| title_sort | prediabetes is associated with increased prevalence of sleep disordered breathing |
| topic | apnea glycated hemoglobin hypopnea prediabetes obstructive sleep apnea |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/5/1413 |
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