The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Crane Flies (Tipulidae) in Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas
Tipulidae, one of the most diverse families of Diptera, is widely distributed in the world. The adults have weak flight ability, making it an ideal model for studying the formation of insect diversity. This study aims to explore the species diversity and endemism of Tipulidae in the Qinghai-Tibet Pl...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/11/1054 |
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| author | Qicheng Yang Wei Chen Lishan Qian Ding Yang Xiaoyan Liu Manqun Wang |
| author_facet | Qicheng Yang Wei Chen Lishan Qian Ding Yang Xiaoyan Liu Manqun Wang |
| author_sort | Qicheng Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tipulidae, one of the most diverse families of Diptera, is widely distributed in the world. The adults have weak flight ability, making it an ideal model for studying the formation of insect diversity. This study aims to explore the species diversity and endemism of Tipulidae in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the surrounding areas, as well as analyze the relationships between the diversity pattern and 25 environmental factors in mountainous and non-mountainous regions. To this end, we collected 2589 datasets for the distribution of 1219 Tipulidae species, and found three areas with high diversities of Tipulidae around the QTP, including the Sikkim-Yadong area, Kamen River Basin, and Gongga Mountain. Further R, generalized additive model (GAM), and stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the richness and endemism of Tipulidae is mainly influenced by the warmest quarter precipitation and topographic heterogeneity in mountainous regions, but in non-mountainous regions, the richness is mostly affected by the precipitation seasonality, while there is no regularity in the relationship between endemism and environmental factors. In addition, the richness model in mountainous regions was in conformity with the results of GAM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:15:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c455d420ffe049f0a974699c94c9e1e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:15:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-c455d420ffe049f0a974699c94c9e1e72023-11-24T08:46:11ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502022-11-011311105410.3390/insects13111054The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Crane Flies (Tipulidae) in Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding AreasQicheng Yang0Wei Chen1Lishan Qian2Ding Yang3Xiaoyan Liu4Manqun Wang5Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaHubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaHubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaHubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaTipulidae, one of the most diverse families of Diptera, is widely distributed in the world. The adults have weak flight ability, making it an ideal model for studying the formation of insect diversity. This study aims to explore the species diversity and endemism of Tipulidae in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the surrounding areas, as well as analyze the relationships between the diversity pattern and 25 environmental factors in mountainous and non-mountainous regions. To this end, we collected 2589 datasets for the distribution of 1219 Tipulidae species, and found three areas with high diversities of Tipulidae around the QTP, including the Sikkim-Yadong area, Kamen River Basin, and Gongga Mountain. Further R, generalized additive model (GAM), and stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the richness and endemism of Tipulidae is mainly influenced by the warmest quarter precipitation and topographic heterogeneity in mountainous regions, but in non-mountainous regions, the richness is mostly affected by the precipitation seasonality, while there is no regularity in the relationship between endemism and environmental factors. In addition, the richness model in mountainous regions was in conformity with the results of GAM.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/11/1054Asiaclimatic factorsendemismprediction modelspecies richnesstopographic heterogeneity |
| spellingShingle | Qicheng Yang Wei Chen Lishan Qian Ding Yang Xiaoyan Liu Manqun Wang The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Crane Flies (Tipulidae) in Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas Insects Asia climatic factors endemism prediction model species richness topographic heterogeneity |
| title | The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Crane Flies (Tipulidae) in Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas |
| title_full | The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Crane Flies (Tipulidae) in Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Crane Flies (Tipulidae) in Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Crane Flies (Tipulidae) in Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas |
| title_short | The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Crane Flies (Tipulidae) in Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas |
| title_sort | effect of environmental factors on the diversity of crane flies tipulidae in mountainous and non mountainous regions of the qinghai tibet plateau and surrounding areas |
| topic | Asia climatic factors endemism prediction model species richness topographic heterogeneity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/11/1054 |
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