Association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in Chinese preschool children.
PURPOSE:To investigate the association between concomitant esotropia or concomitant exotropia and refractive error in preschool children. METHODS:A population-based sample of 5831 children aged 3 to 6 years was selected from all kindergartens in a representative county (Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, J...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4368197?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818252458014539776 |
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| author | Hui Zhu Jia-Jia Yu Rong-Bin Yu Hui Ding Jing Bai Ji Chen Hu Liu |
| author_facet | Hui Zhu Jia-Jia Yu Rong-Bin Yu Hui Ding Jing Bai Ji Chen Hu Liu |
| author_sort | Hui Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PURPOSE:To investigate the association between concomitant esotropia or concomitant exotropia and refractive error in preschool children. METHODS:A population-based sample of 5831 children aged 3 to 6 years was selected from all kindergartens in a representative county (Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) of Nanjing, China. Clinical examinations including ocular alignment, ocular motility, visual acuity, optometry, stereopsis screening, slit lamp examination and fundus examination were performed by trained ophthalmologists and optometrists. Odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate the association of refractive error with concomitant esotropia and concomitant exotropia. RESULTS:In multivariate logistic regression analysis, concomitant esotropia was associated independently with spherical equivalent anisometropia (OR, 3.15 for 0.50 to <1.00 diopter (D) of anisometropia, and 7.41 for > = 1.00 D of anisometropia) and hyperopia. There was a severity-dependent association of hyperopia with the development of concomitant esotropia, with ORs increasing from 9.3 for 2.00 to <3.00 D of hyperopia, to 180.82 for > = 5.00 D of hyperopia. Concomitant exotropia was associated with astigmatism (OR, 3.56 for 0.50 to 1.00 D of astigmatism, and 1.9 for <0.00 D of astigmatism), myopia (OR, 40.54 for -1.00 to <0.00 D of myopia, and 18.93 for <-1.00 D of myopia), and hyperopia (OR, 67.78 for 1.00 to <2.00 D of hyperopia, 23.13 for 2.00 to <3.00 D of hyperopia, 25.57 for 3.00 to <4.00 D of hyperopia, and 8.36 for 4.00 to <5.00 D of hyperopia). CONCLUSIONS:This study highlights the close associations between refractive error and the prevalence of concomitant esotropia and concomitant exotropia, which should be considered when managing childhood refractive error. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:24:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c45b9746c761438bb92423fa1b8a9c69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:24:29Z |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-c45b9746c761438bb92423fa1b8a9c692022-12-22T00:18:55ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032015-01-01103e012072010.1371/journal.pone.0120720Association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in Chinese preschool children.Hui ZhuJia-Jia YuRong-Bin YuHui DingJing BaiJi ChenHu LiuPURPOSE:To investigate the association between concomitant esotropia or concomitant exotropia and refractive error in preschool children. METHODS:A population-based sample of 5831 children aged 3 to 6 years was selected from all kindergartens in a representative county (Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) of Nanjing, China. Clinical examinations including ocular alignment, ocular motility, visual acuity, optometry, stereopsis screening, slit lamp examination and fundus examination were performed by trained ophthalmologists and optometrists. Odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate the association of refractive error with concomitant esotropia and concomitant exotropia. RESULTS:In multivariate logistic regression analysis, concomitant esotropia was associated independently with spherical equivalent anisometropia (OR, 3.15 for 0.50 to <1.00 diopter (D) of anisometropia, and 7.41 for > = 1.00 D of anisometropia) and hyperopia. There was a severity-dependent association of hyperopia with the development of concomitant esotropia, with ORs increasing from 9.3 for 2.00 to <3.00 D of hyperopia, to 180.82 for > = 5.00 D of hyperopia. Concomitant exotropia was associated with astigmatism (OR, 3.56 for 0.50 to 1.00 D of astigmatism, and 1.9 for <0.00 D of astigmatism), myopia (OR, 40.54 for -1.00 to <0.00 D of myopia, and 18.93 for <-1.00 D of myopia), and hyperopia (OR, 67.78 for 1.00 to <2.00 D of hyperopia, 23.13 for 2.00 to <3.00 D of hyperopia, 25.57 for 3.00 to <4.00 D of hyperopia, and 8.36 for 4.00 to <5.00 D of hyperopia). CONCLUSIONS:This study highlights the close associations between refractive error and the prevalence of concomitant esotropia and concomitant exotropia, which should be considered when managing childhood refractive error.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4368197?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Hui Zhu Jia-Jia Yu Rong-Bin Yu Hui Ding Jing Bai Ji Chen Hu Liu Association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in Chinese preschool children. PLoS ONE |
| title | Association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in Chinese preschool children. |
| title_full | Association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in Chinese preschool children. |
| title_fullStr | Association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in Chinese preschool children. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in Chinese preschool children. |
| title_short | Association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in Chinese preschool children. |
| title_sort | association between childhood strabismus and refractive error in chinese preschool children |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4368197?pdf=render |
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