A systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging: time to establish new norms
The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension in older adults, and the deleterious effect of these conditions on cerebrovascular and brain health, is creating a growing discrepancy between the typical cognitive aging trajectory and a healthy cognitive aging trajectory. These chang...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnagi.2014.00148/full |
| _version_ | 1828420521184722944 |
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| author | Liesel-Ann Catharine Meusel Nisha eKansal Ekaterina eTchistiakova Ekaterina eTchistiakova William eYuen William eYuen Bradley J MacIntosh Bradley J MacIntosh Carol E Greenwood Carol E Greenwood Nicole D Anderson Nicole D Anderson |
| author_facet | Liesel-Ann Catharine Meusel Nisha eKansal Ekaterina eTchistiakova Ekaterina eTchistiakova William eYuen William eYuen Bradley J MacIntosh Bradley J MacIntosh Carol E Greenwood Carol E Greenwood Nicole D Anderson Nicole D Anderson |
| author_sort | Liesel-Ann Catharine Meusel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension in older adults, and the deleterious effect of these conditions on cerebrovascular and brain health, is creating a growing discrepancy between the typical cognitive aging trajectory and a healthy cognitive aging trajectory. These changing health demographics make T2DM and hypertension important topics of study in their own right, and warrant attention from the perspective of cognitive aging neuroimaging research. Specifically, interpretation of individual or group differences in blood oxygenation level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET H2O15) signals as reflective of differences in neural activation underlying a cognitive operation of interest requires assumptions of intact vascular health amongst the study participants. Without adequate screening, inclusion of individuals with T2DM or hypertension in healthy samples may introduce unwanted variability and bias to brain and/or cognitive measures, and increase potential for error. We conducted a systematic review of the cognitive aging neuroimaging literature to document the extent to which researchers account for these conditions. Of the 232 studies selected for review, few explicitly excluded individuals with T2DM (9%) or hypertension (13%). A large portion had exclusion criteria that made it difficult to determine whether T2DM or hypertension were excluded (44% and 37%), and many did not mention any selection criteria related to T2DM or hypertension (34% and 22%). Of all the surveyed studies, only 29% acknowledged or addressed the potential influence of intersubject vascular variability on the measured BOLD or PET signals. To reinforce the notion that individuals with T2DM and hypertension should not be overlooked as a potential source of bias, we also provide an overview of metabolic and vascular changes associated with T2DM and hypertension, as they relate to cerebrovascular and brain health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:13:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c468a0dbe4a64e9bb97c102cc05d7094 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-4365 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:13:40Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-c468a0dbe4a64e9bb97c102cc05d70942022-12-22T01:43:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience1663-43652014-07-01610.3389/fnagi.2014.0014882538A systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging: time to establish new normsLiesel-Ann Catharine Meusel0Nisha eKansal1Ekaterina eTchistiakova2Ekaterina eTchistiakova3William eYuen4William eYuen5Bradley J MacIntosh6Bradley J MacIntosh7Carol E Greenwood8Carol E Greenwood9Nicole D Anderson10Nicole D Anderson11Baycrest Centre for Geriatric CareBaycrest Centre for Geriatric CareSunnybrook Research InstituteUniversity of TorontoBaycrest Centre for Geriatric CareUniversity of TorontoSunnybrook Research InstituteUniversity of TorontoBaycrest Centre for Geriatric CareUniversity of TorontoBaycrest Centre for Geriatric CareUniversity of TorontoThe rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension in older adults, and the deleterious effect of these conditions on cerebrovascular and brain health, is creating a growing discrepancy between the typical cognitive aging trajectory and a healthy cognitive aging trajectory. These changing health demographics make T2DM and hypertension important topics of study in their own right, and warrant attention from the perspective of cognitive aging neuroimaging research. Specifically, interpretation of individual or group differences in blood oxygenation level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET H2O15) signals as reflective of differences in neural activation underlying a cognitive operation of interest requires assumptions of intact vascular health amongst the study participants. Without adequate screening, inclusion of individuals with T2DM or hypertension in healthy samples may introduce unwanted variability and bias to brain and/or cognitive measures, and increase potential for error. We conducted a systematic review of the cognitive aging neuroimaging literature to document the extent to which researchers account for these conditions. Of the 232 studies selected for review, few explicitly excluded individuals with T2DM (9%) or hypertension (13%). A large portion had exclusion criteria that made it difficult to determine whether T2DM or hypertension were excluded (44% and 37%), and many did not mention any selection criteria related to T2DM or hypertension (34% and 22%). Of all the surveyed studies, only 29% acknowledged or addressed the potential influence of intersubject vascular variability on the measured BOLD or PET signals. To reinforce the notion that individuals with T2DM and hypertension should not be overlooked as a potential source of bias, we also provide an overview of metabolic and vascular changes associated with T2DM and hypertension, as they relate to cerebrovascular and brain health.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnagi.2014.00148/fullAgingCognitionHypertensionimagingtype 2 diabetes mellitus |
| spellingShingle | Liesel-Ann Catharine Meusel Nisha eKansal Ekaterina eTchistiakova Ekaterina eTchistiakova William eYuen William eYuen Bradley J MacIntosh Bradley J MacIntosh Carol E Greenwood Carol E Greenwood Nicole D Anderson Nicole D Anderson A systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging: time to establish new norms Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience Aging Cognition Hypertension imaging type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title | A systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging: time to establish new norms |
| title_full | A systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging: time to establish new norms |
| title_fullStr | A systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging: time to establish new norms |
| title_full_unstemmed | A systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging: time to establish new norms |
| title_short | A systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging: time to establish new norms |
| title_sort | systematic review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in imaging studies of cognitive aging time to establish new norms |
| topic | Aging Cognition Hypertension imaging type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnagi.2014.00148/full |
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