Genetic characterization of populations in the Marquesas Archipelago in the context of the Austronesian expansion
Abstract Our exploration of the genetic constitution of Nuku Hiva (n = 51), Hiva Oa (n = 28) and Tahuata (n = 8) of the Marquesas Archipelago based on the analyses of genome-wide autosomal markers as well as high-resolution genotyping of paternal and maternal lineages provides us with information on...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08910-w |
| _version_ | 1811272289237336064 |
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| author | Kai Tätte Ene Metspalu Helen Post Leire Palencia-Madrid Javier Rodríguez Luis Maere Reidla Erika Tamm Anne-Mai Ilumäe Marian M. de Pancorbo Ralph Garcia-Bertrand Mait Metspalu Rene J. Herrera |
| author_facet | Kai Tätte Ene Metspalu Helen Post Leire Palencia-Madrid Javier Rodríguez Luis Maere Reidla Erika Tamm Anne-Mai Ilumäe Marian M. de Pancorbo Ralph Garcia-Bertrand Mait Metspalu Rene J. Herrera |
| author_sort | Kai Tätte |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Our exploration of the genetic constitution of Nuku Hiva (n = 51), Hiva Oa (n = 28) and Tahuata (n = 8) of the Marquesas Archipelago based on the analyses of genome-wide autosomal markers as well as high-resolution genotyping of paternal and maternal lineages provides us with information on the origins and settlement of these islands at the fringe of the Austronesian expansion. One widespread theme that emerges from this study is the genetic uniformity and relative isolation exhibited by the Marquesas and Society populations. This genetic homogeneity within East Polynesia groups is reflected in their limited average heterozygosity, uniformity of constituents in the Structure analyses, reiteration of complete mtDNA sequences, marked separation from Asian and other Oceanic populations in the PC analyses, limited differentiation in the PCAs and large number of IBD segments in common. Both the f3 and the Outgroup f3 results provide indications of intra-East Polynesian gene flow that may have promoted the observed intra-East Polynesia genetic homogeneity while ALDER analyses indicate that East Polynesia experienced two gene flow episodes, one relatively recent from Europe that coincides roughly with the European incursion into the region and an early one that may represent the original settlement of the islands by Austronesians. Median Network analysis based on high-resolution Y-STR loci under C2a-M208 generates a star-like topology with East Polynesian groups (especially from the Society Archipelago) in central stem positions and individuals from the different populations radiating out one mutational step away while several Samoan and outlier individuals occupy peripheral positions. This arrangement of populations is congruent with dispersals of C2a-M208 Y chromosomes from East Polynesia as a migration hub signaling dispersals in various directions. The equivalent ages of the C2a-M208 lineage of the populations in the Network corroborate an east to west flow of the most abundant Polynesian Y chromosome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:37:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c46b2cd8b420486d8261e666d9b01792 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:37:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-c46b2cd8b420486d8261e666d9b017922022-12-22T03:13:49ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-03-0112111710.1038/s41598-022-08910-wGenetic characterization of populations in the Marquesas Archipelago in the context of the Austronesian expansionKai Tätte0Ene Metspalu1Helen Post2Leire Palencia-Madrid3Javier Rodríguez Luis4Maere Reidla5Erika Tamm6Anne-Mai Ilumäe7Marian M. de Pancorbo8Ralph Garcia-Bertrand9Mait Metspalu10Rene J. Herrera11Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of TartuEstonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of TartuEstonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of TartuBIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Area de Antropología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de CompostelaEstonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of TartuEstonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of TartuEstonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of TartuBIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Department of Molecular Biology, Colorado CollegeEstonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of TartuDepartment of Molecular Biology, Colorado CollegeAbstract Our exploration of the genetic constitution of Nuku Hiva (n = 51), Hiva Oa (n = 28) and Tahuata (n = 8) of the Marquesas Archipelago based on the analyses of genome-wide autosomal markers as well as high-resolution genotyping of paternal and maternal lineages provides us with information on the origins and settlement of these islands at the fringe of the Austronesian expansion. One widespread theme that emerges from this study is the genetic uniformity and relative isolation exhibited by the Marquesas and Society populations. This genetic homogeneity within East Polynesia groups is reflected in their limited average heterozygosity, uniformity of constituents in the Structure analyses, reiteration of complete mtDNA sequences, marked separation from Asian and other Oceanic populations in the PC analyses, limited differentiation in the PCAs and large number of IBD segments in common. Both the f3 and the Outgroup f3 results provide indications of intra-East Polynesian gene flow that may have promoted the observed intra-East Polynesia genetic homogeneity while ALDER analyses indicate that East Polynesia experienced two gene flow episodes, one relatively recent from Europe that coincides roughly with the European incursion into the region and an early one that may represent the original settlement of the islands by Austronesians. Median Network analysis based on high-resolution Y-STR loci under C2a-M208 generates a star-like topology with East Polynesian groups (especially from the Society Archipelago) in central stem positions and individuals from the different populations radiating out one mutational step away while several Samoan and outlier individuals occupy peripheral positions. This arrangement of populations is congruent with dispersals of C2a-M208 Y chromosomes from East Polynesia as a migration hub signaling dispersals in various directions. The equivalent ages of the C2a-M208 lineage of the populations in the Network corroborate an east to west flow of the most abundant Polynesian Y chromosome.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08910-w |
| spellingShingle | Kai Tätte Ene Metspalu Helen Post Leire Palencia-Madrid Javier Rodríguez Luis Maere Reidla Erika Tamm Anne-Mai Ilumäe Marian M. de Pancorbo Ralph Garcia-Bertrand Mait Metspalu Rene J. Herrera Genetic characterization of populations in the Marquesas Archipelago in the context of the Austronesian expansion Scientific Reports |
| title | Genetic characterization of populations in the Marquesas Archipelago in the context of the Austronesian expansion |
| title_full | Genetic characterization of populations in the Marquesas Archipelago in the context of the Austronesian expansion |
| title_fullStr | Genetic characterization of populations in the Marquesas Archipelago in the context of the Austronesian expansion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic characterization of populations in the Marquesas Archipelago in the context of the Austronesian expansion |
| title_short | Genetic characterization of populations in the Marquesas Archipelago in the context of the Austronesian expansion |
| title_sort | genetic characterization of populations in the marquesas archipelago in the context of the austronesian expansion |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08910-w |
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