Impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance.
<h4>Background</h4>Abdominal ultrasonography (US) is the backbone of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance. Although previous studies have evaluated clinical factors related to surveillance failure, none have focused specifically on US blind spots.<h4>Methods</h4>This s...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274747 |
| _version_ | 1828143050298228736 |
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| author | Junghwan Lee Su Bee Park Soyoung Byun Ha Il Kim |
| author_facet | Junghwan Lee Su Bee Park Soyoung Byun Ha Il Kim |
| author_sort | Junghwan Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Abdominal ultrasonography (US) is the backbone of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance. Although previous studies have evaluated clinical factors related to surveillance failure, none have focused specifically on US blind spots.<h4>Methods</h4>This study included 1,289 patients who underwent 6 months intervals surveillance using US and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and were eventually diagnosed with single-nodular HCC. Patients were divided into US-detected group (n = 1,062) and US-missed group (HCC detected only by AFP ≥ 20ng/mL; n = 227). Blind spots consisted of four locations: hepatic dome, caudate lobe or around the inferior vena cava, <1 cm beneath the ribs, and the surface of the left lateral segment. Both groups were compared by HCC location, proportional distribution, treatment method, and overall survival.<h4>Results</h4>A higher proportion of HCCs were located within blind spots in the US-missed group than in the US-detected group (64.3% vs. 44.6%, P < 0.001). HCC ≥ 2 cm detected in blind spots was higher than in non-blind areas (60.3% vs. 47.1%, P = 0.001). Blind spot HCCs were more treated with surgery, whereas those located in a non-blind area were more treated with local ablation. Patients with an HCC located within a blind spot in the US-detected group had better overall survival than the same in the US-missed group (P = 0.008).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Using the current surveillance test, blind spots affected the initially detected HCC tumor size, applicability of the treatment modality, and overall survival. Physicians should pay attention to US blind spots when performing US-based HCC surveillance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:51:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c47531f150224d4d869515df04be242d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:51:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-c47531f150224d4d869515df04be242d2022-12-22T04:06:17ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-01179e027474710.1371/journal.pone.0274747Impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance.Junghwan LeeSu Bee ParkSoyoung ByunHa Il Kim<h4>Background</h4>Abdominal ultrasonography (US) is the backbone of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance. Although previous studies have evaluated clinical factors related to surveillance failure, none have focused specifically on US blind spots.<h4>Methods</h4>This study included 1,289 patients who underwent 6 months intervals surveillance using US and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and were eventually diagnosed with single-nodular HCC. Patients were divided into US-detected group (n = 1,062) and US-missed group (HCC detected only by AFP ≥ 20ng/mL; n = 227). Blind spots consisted of four locations: hepatic dome, caudate lobe or around the inferior vena cava, <1 cm beneath the ribs, and the surface of the left lateral segment. Both groups were compared by HCC location, proportional distribution, treatment method, and overall survival.<h4>Results</h4>A higher proportion of HCCs were located within blind spots in the US-missed group than in the US-detected group (64.3% vs. 44.6%, P < 0.001). HCC ≥ 2 cm detected in blind spots was higher than in non-blind areas (60.3% vs. 47.1%, P = 0.001). Blind spot HCCs were more treated with surgery, whereas those located in a non-blind area were more treated with local ablation. Patients with an HCC located within a blind spot in the US-detected group had better overall survival than the same in the US-missed group (P = 0.008).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Using the current surveillance test, blind spots affected the initially detected HCC tumor size, applicability of the treatment modality, and overall survival. Physicians should pay attention to US blind spots when performing US-based HCC surveillance.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274747 |
| spellingShingle | Junghwan Lee Su Bee Park Soyoung Byun Ha Il Kim Impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance. PLoS ONE |
| title | Impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance. |
| title_full | Impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance. |
| title_fullStr | Impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance. |
| title_short | Impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance. |
| title_sort | impact of ultrasonographic blind spots for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma during surveillance |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274747 |
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