The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and PIBF in Embryo-Maternal Immune-Interactions
Pregnancy represents a unique immunological situation. Though paternal antigens expressed by the conceptus are recognized by the immune system of the mother, the immune response does not harm the fetus. Progesterone and a progesterone induced protein; PIBF are important players in re-adjusting the f...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-12-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02890/full |
| _version_ | 1811279929304678400 |
|---|---|
| author | Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Sandra Šućurović Biserka Mulac-Jeričević |
| author_facet | Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Sandra Šućurović Biserka Mulac-Jeričević |
| author_sort | Julia Szekeres-Bartho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pregnancy represents a unique immunological situation. Though paternal antigens expressed by the conceptus are recognized by the immune system of the mother, the immune response does not harm the fetus. Progesterone and a progesterone induced protein; PIBF are important players in re-adjusting the functioning of the maternal immune system during pregnancy. PIBF expressed by peripheral pregnancy lymphocytes, and other cell types, participates in the feto-maternal communication, partly, by mediating the immunological actions of progesterone. Several splice variants of PIBF were identified with different physiological activity. The full length 90 kD PIBF protein plays a role in cell cycle regulation, while shorter splice variants are secreted and act as cytokines. Aberrant production of PIBF isoforms lead to the loss of immune-regulatory functions, resulting in and pregnancy failure. By up regulating Th2 type cytokine production and by down-regulating NK activity, PIBF contributes to the altered attitude of the maternal immune system. Normal pregnancy is characterized by a Th2-dominant cytokine balance, which is partly due to the action of the smaller PIBF isoforms. These bind to a novel form of the IL-4 receptor, and induce increased production of IL-3, IL-4, and IL-10. The communication between the conceptus and the mother is established via extracellular vesicles (EVs). Pre-implantation embryos produce EVs both in vitro, and in vivo. PIBF transported by the EVs from the embryo to maternal lymphocytes induces increased IL-10 production by the latter, this way contributing to the Th2 dominant immune responses described during pregnancy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:04:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c4a1694a5e244d71ae3d39a5fd9c7685 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:04:38Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c4a1694a5e244d71ae3d39a5fd9c76852022-12-22T03:09:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242018-12-01910.3389/fimmu.2018.02890414622The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and PIBF in Embryo-Maternal Immune-InteractionsJulia Szekeres-Bartho0Julia Szekeres-Bartho1Julia Szekeres-Bartho2Julia Szekeres-Bartho3Sandra Šućurović4Biserka Mulac-Jeričević5Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, HungaryJános Szentágothai Research Centre, Pécs University, Pécs, HungaryEndocrine Studies, Centre of Excellence, Pécs University, Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE Human Reproduction Research Group, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, CroatiaDepartment of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, CroatiaPregnancy represents a unique immunological situation. Though paternal antigens expressed by the conceptus are recognized by the immune system of the mother, the immune response does not harm the fetus. Progesterone and a progesterone induced protein; PIBF are important players in re-adjusting the functioning of the maternal immune system during pregnancy. PIBF expressed by peripheral pregnancy lymphocytes, and other cell types, participates in the feto-maternal communication, partly, by mediating the immunological actions of progesterone. Several splice variants of PIBF were identified with different physiological activity. The full length 90 kD PIBF protein plays a role in cell cycle regulation, while shorter splice variants are secreted and act as cytokines. Aberrant production of PIBF isoforms lead to the loss of immune-regulatory functions, resulting in and pregnancy failure. By up regulating Th2 type cytokine production and by down-regulating NK activity, PIBF contributes to the altered attitude of the maternal immune system. Normal pregnancy is characterized by a Th2-dominant cytokine balance, which is partly due to the action of the smaller PIBF isoforms. These bind to a novel form of the IL-4 receptor, and induce increased production of IL-3, IL-4, and IL-10. The communication between the conceptus and the mother is established via extracellular vesicles (EVs). Pre-implantation embryos produce EVs both in vitro, and in vivo. PIBF transported by the EVs from the embryo to maternal lymphocytes induces increased IL-10 production by the latter, this way contributing to the Th2 dominant immune responses described during pregnancy.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02890/fullpregnancyprogesteronePIBFNK cellscytokinesextracellular vesicles |
| spellingShingle | Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Julia Szekeres-Bartho Sandra Šućurović Biserka Mulac-Jeričević The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and PIBF in Embryo-Maternal Immune-Interactions Frontiers in Immunology pregnancy progesterone PIBF NK cells cytokines extracellular vesicles |
| title | The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and PIBF in Embryo-Maternal Immune-Interactions |
| title_full | The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and PIBF in Embryo-Maternal Immune-Interactions |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and PIBF in Embryo-Maternal Immune-Interactions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and PIBF in Embryo-Maternal Immune-Interactions |
| title_short | The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and PIBF in Embryo-Maternal Immune-Interactions |
| title_sort | role of extracellular vesicles and pibf in embryo maternal immune interactions |
| topic | pregnancy progesterone PIBF NK cells cytokines extracellular vesicles |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02890/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT juliaszekeresbartho theroleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT juliaszekeresbartho theroleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT juliaszekeresbartho theroleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT juliaszekeresbartho theroleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT sandrasucurovic theroleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT biserkamulacjericevic theroleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT juliaszekeresbartho roleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT juliaszekeresbartho roleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT juliaszekeresbartho roleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT juliaszekeresbartho roleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT sandrasucurovic roleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions AT biserkamulacjericevic roleofextracellularvesiclesandpibfinembryomaternalimmuneinteractions |