Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nascent developments

This review article provides an in-depth discussion on the hot deformability, processing map analysis, and microstructural development in superalloys, as well as the associated constitutive equations employed in flow stress prediction. It describes how hot working can improve the grain structure of...

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Main Authors: Sodiq Abiodun Kareem, Justus Uchenna Anaele, Emmanuel Omosegunfunmi Aikulola, Olajesu Favor Olanrewaju, Babatunde Olamide Omiyale, Michael Oluwatosin Bodunrin, Kenneth Kanayo Alaneme
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2023-09-01
Series:Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423023062
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author Sodiq Abiodun Kareem
Justus Uchenna Anaele
Emmanuel Omosegunfunmi Aikulola
Olajesu Favor Olanrewaju
Babatunde Olamide Omiyale
Michael Oluwatosin Bodunrin
Kenneth Kanayo Alaneme
author_facet Sodiq Abiodun Kareem
Justus Uchenna Anaele
Emmanuel Omosegunfunmi Aikulola
Olajesu Favor Olanrewaju
Babatunde Olamide Omiyale
Michael Oluwatosin Bodunrin
Kenneth Kanayo Alaneme
author_sort Sodiq Abiodun Kareem
collection DOAJ
description This review article provides an in-depth discussion on the hot deformability, processing map analysis, and microstructural development in superalloys, as well as the associated constitutive equations employed in flow stress prediction. It describes how hot working can improve the grain structure of superalloys by dynamic recrystallization (DRX), reduce defects, and enhance their mechanical characteristics. The formation of necklace structures, work-hardening analysis to identify the existence and commencement of dynamically recrystallized grains and the influence of processing conditions on DRX grain size are all addressed in this article. The influence of deformation variables, described by the Zener-Hollomon parameter - the occurrence of phases, dynamic precipitation, and alloying elements on the thermomechanical response, and the restoration processes of DRV and DRX are discussed in detail. The utilization of processing maps as a means to determine the most favourable processing conditions and identify the instability regime, encompassing flow instability, defects and cracking, that may arise during the hot-working of superalloys are discussed. Specifically concerning the constitutive modelling of flow stress for characterizing material flow (at various deformation strain rates, temperatures, and strain), the application of threshold stress (as a result of phase transformation during hot deformation), temperature-dependent Young's modulus, and comparing the experimentally observed activation energy and deformation stress exponent to the values predicted by creep theories, are discussed. Also, an analysis of the various modelling techniques and equations for predicting flow curves during hot-working processing is evaluated. Finally, some recommendations are made regarding the potential future research directions.
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spelling doaj.art-c4c0fb5f1626496baa07f9f6d3f5ace22023-10-30T06:04:52ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542023-09-012686248669Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nascent developmentsSodiq Abiodun Kareem0Justus Uchenna Anaele1Emmanuel Omosegunfunmi Aikulola2Olajesu Favor Olanrewaju3Babatunde Olamide Omiyale4Michael Oluwatosin Bodunrin5Kenneth Kanayo Alaneme6Materials Design and Structural Integrity Group, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 704, Ondo State, Nigeria; Corresponding author.Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NigeriaMaterials Design and Structural Integrity Group, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 704, Ondo State, NigeriaMaterials Design and Structural Integrity Group, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 704, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Material Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, AMES, IA 50011, USADepartment of Industrial and Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 704, Ondo State, NigeriaSchool of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, KenyaMaterials Design and Structural Integrity Group, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 704, Ondo State, Nigeria; Centre for Nanoengineering and Tribocorrosion, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, South AfricaThis review article provides an in-depth discussion on the hot deformability, processing map analysis, and microstructural development in superalloys, as well as the associated constitutive equations employed in flow stress prediction. It describes how hot working can improve the grain structure of superalloys by dynamic recrystallization (DRX), reduce defects, and enhance their mechanical characteristics. The formation of necklace structures, work-hardening analysis to identify the existence and commencement of dynamically recrystallized grains and the influence of processing conditions on DRX grain size are all addressed in this article. The influence of deformation variables, described by the Zener-Hollomon parameter - the occurrence of phases, dynamic precipitation, and alloying elements on the thermomechanical response, and the restoration processes of DRV and DRX are discussed in detail. The utilization of processing maps as a means to determine the most favourable processing conditions and identify the instability regime, encompassing flow instability, defects and cracking, that may arise during the hot-working of superalloys are discussed. Specifically concerning the constitutive modelling of flow stress for characterizing material flow (at various deformation strain rates, temperatures, and strain), the application of threshold stress (as a result of phase transformation during hot deformation), temperature-dependent Young's modulus, and comparing the experimentally observed activation energy and deformation stress exponent to the values predicted by creep theories, are discussed. Also, an analysis of the various modelling techniques and equations for predicting flow curves during hot-working processing is evaluated. Finally, some recommendations are made regarding the potential future research directions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423023062SuperalloysHot deformationMechanical propertiesConstitutive modelDynamic recrystallizationProcessing maps
spellingShingle Sodiq Abiodun Kareem
Justus Uchenna Anaele
Emmanuel Omosegunfunmi Aikulola
Olajesu Favor Olanrewaju
Babatunde Olamide Omiyale
Michael Oluwatosin Bodunrin
Kenneth Kanayo Alaneme
Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nascent developments
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Superalloys
Hot deformation
Mechanical properties
Constitutive model
Dynamic recrystallization
Processing maps
title Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nascent developments
title_full Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nascent developments
title_fullStr Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nascent developments
title_full_unstemmed Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nascent developments
title_short Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nascent developments
title_sort hot deformation behaviour constitutive model description and processing map analysis of superalloys an overview of nascent developments
topic Superalloys
Hot deformation
Mechanical properties
Constitutive model
Dynamic recrystallization
Processing maps
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423023062
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