Traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survival
Abstract Trauma is the number one cause of death among Americans between the ages of 1 and 46 years, costing more than $670 billion a year. Following death related to central nervous system injury, hemorrhage accounts for the majority of remaining traumatic fatalities. Among those with severe trauma...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01088-8 |
| _version_ | 1797817869123190784 |
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| author | Rana K. Latif Sean P. Clifford Jeffery A. Baker Rainer Lenhardt Mohammad Z. Haq Jiapeng Huang Ian Farah Jerrad R. Businger |
| author_facet | Rana K. Latif Sean P. Clifford Jeffery A. Baker Rainer Lenhardt Mohammad Z. Haq Jiapeng Huang Ian Farah Jerrad R. Businger |
| author_sort | Rana K. Latif |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Trauma is the number one cause of death among Americans between the ages of 1 and 46 years, costing more than $670 billion a year. Following death related to central nervous system injury, hemorrhage accounts for the majority of remaining traumatic fatalities. Among those with severe trauma that reach the hospital alive, many may survive if the hemorrhage and traumatic injuries are diagnosed and adequately treated in a timely fashion. This article aims to review the recent advances in pathophysiology management following a traumatic hemorrhage as well as the role of diagnostic imaging in identifying the source of hemorrhage. The principles of damage control resuscitation and damage control surgery are also discussed. The chain of survival for severe hemorrhage begins with primary prevention; however, once trauma has occurred, prehospital interventions and hospital care with early injury recognition, resuscitation, definitive hemostasis, and achieving endpoints of resuscitation become paramount. An algorithm is proposed for achieving these goals in a timely fashion as the median time from onset of hemorrhagic shock and death is 2 h. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:59:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c4c6b420a06c40908cb2a969ce68df96 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-7241 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:59:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c4c6b420a06c40908cb2a969ce68df962023-05-28T11:26:17ZengBMCScandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine1757-72412023-05-0131111810.1186/s13049-023-01088-8Traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survivalRana K. Latif0Sean P. Clifford1Jeffery A. Baker2Rainer Lenhardt3Mohammad Z. Haq4Jiapeng Huang5Ian Farah6Jerrad R. Businger7Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Louisville HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Louisville HospitalDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Louisville HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Louisville HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Louisville HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Louisville HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Louisville HospitalAbstract Trauma is the number one cause of death among Americans between the ages of 1 and 46 years, costing more than $670 billion a year. Following death related to central nervous system injury, hemorrhage accounts for the majority of remaining traumatic fatalities. Among those with severe trauma that reach the hospital alive, many may survive if the hemorrhage and traumatic injuries are diagnosed and adequately treated in a timely fashion. This article aims to review the recent advances in pathophysiology management following a traumatic hemorrhage as well as the role of diagnostic imaging in identifying the source of hemorrhage. The principles of damage control resuscitation and damage control surgery are also discussed. The chain of survival for severe hemorrhage begins with primary prevention; however, once trauma has occurred, prehospital interventions and hospital care with early injury recognition, resuscitation, definitive hemostasis, and achieving endpoints of resuscitation become paramount. An algorithm is proposed for achieving these goals in a timely fashion as the median time from onset of hemorrhagic shock and death is 2 h.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01088-8Traumatic hemorrhageDiagnostic imaging in traumaDamage control resuscitationDamage control surgeryChain of survival algorithm in trauma |
| spellingShingle | Rana K. Latif Sean P. Clifford Jeffery A. Baker Rainer Lenhardt Mohammad Z. Haq Jiapeng Huang Ian Farah Jerrad R. Businger Traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survival Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine Traumatic hemorrhage Diagnostic imaging in trauma Damage control resuscitation Damage control surgery Chain of survival algorithm in trauma |
| title | Traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survival |
| title_full | Traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survival |
| title_fullStr | Traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survival |
| title_full_unstemmed | Traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survival |
| title_short | Traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survival |
| title_sort | traumatic hemorrhage and chain of survival |
| topic | Traumatic hemorrhage Diagnostic imaging in trauma Damage control resuscitation Damage control surgery Chain of survival algorithm in trauma |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01088-8 |
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