Mechanisms of action of adjuvants
Adjuvants are used in many vaccines, but their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Studies from the past decade on adjuvant mechanisms are slowly revealing the secrets of adjuvant activity. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in our understanding of the mechanisms of ac...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00114/full |
| _version_ | 1819120257152843776 |
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| author | Sunita eAWATE Lorne A Babiuk George eMutwiri |
| author_facet | Sunita eAWATE Lorne A Babiuk George eMutwiri |
| author_sort | Sunita eAWATE |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adjuvants are used in many vaccines, but their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Studies from the past decade on adjuvant mechanisms are slowly revealing the secrets of adjuvant activity. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in our understanding of the mechanisms of action of adjuvants. Adjuvants may act by a combination of various mechanisms including formation of depot, induction of cytokines and chemokines, recruitment of immune cells, enhancement of antigen uptake and presentation, and promoting antigen transport to draining lymph nodes. It appears that adjuvants activate innate immune responses to create a local immuno-competent environment at the injection site. Depending on the type of innate responses activated, adjuvants can alter the quality and quantity of adaptive immune responses. Understanding the mechanisms of action of adjuvants will provide critical information on how innate immunity influences the development of adaptive immunity, help in rational design of vaccines against various diseases and can inform on adjuvant safety. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:17:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c4ca5c31b41f4cb7bb6b1c03d3ffc176 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:17:47Z |
| publishDate | 2013-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c4ca5c31b41f4cb7bb6b1c03d3ffc1762022-12-21T18:36:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242013-05-01410.3389/fimmu.2013.0011450795Mechanisms of action of adjuvantsSunita eAWATE0Lorne A Babiuk1George eMutwiri2University of SaskatchewanUniversity of SaskatchewanUniversity of SaskatchewanAdjuvants are used in many vaccines, but their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Studies from the past decade on adjuvant mechanisms are slowly revealing the secrets of adjuvant activity. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in our understanding of the mechanisms of action of adjuvants. Adjuvants may act by a combination of various mechanisms including formation of depot, induction of cytokines and chemokines, recruitment of immune cells, enhancement of antigen uptake and presentation, and promoting antigen transport to draining lymph nodes. It appears that adjuvants activate innate immune responses to create a local immuno-competent environment at the injection site. Depending on the type of innate responses activated, adjuvants can alter the quality and quantity of adaptive immune responses. Understanding the mechanisms of action of adjuvants will provide critical information on how innate immunity influences the development of adaptive immunity, help in rational design of vaccines against various diseases and can inform on adjuvant safety.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00114/fullAntigen PresentationDendritic CellsInflammasomesinnate immunityadjuvantsa |
| spellingShingle | Sunita eAWATE Lorne A Babiuk George eMutwiri Mechanisms of action of adjuvants Frontiers in Immunology Antigen Presentation Dendritic Cells Inflammasomes innate immunity adjuvants a |
| title | Mechanisms of action of adjuvants |
| title_full | Mechanisms of action of adjuvants |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of action of adjuvants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of action of adjuvants |
| title_short | Mechanisms of action of adjuvants |
| title_sort | mechanisms of action of adjuvants |
| topic | Antigen Presentation Dendritic Cells Inflammasomes innate immunity adjuvants a |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00114/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sunitaeawate mechanismsofactionofadjuvants AT lorneababiuk mechanismsofactionofadjuvants AT georgeemutwiri mechanismsofactionofadjuvants |