Reduced Lignin Decomposition and Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Stability by Acid Rain: Evidence from <sup>13</sup>C Isotope and <sup>13</sup>C NMR Analyses
Due to the emissions of air pollutants, acid rain in southern China poses a great threat to terrestrial ecosystems. However, its influences on ecological processes such as litter decomposition and soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation are still not clear. The aim of this study was to understand the...
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2020-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/11/1191 |
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| author | Jianping Wu Qi Deng Dafeng Hui Xin Xiong Huiling Zhang Mengdi Zhao Xuan Wang Minghui Hu Yongxian Su Hongou Zhang Guowei Chu Deqiang Zhang |
| author_facet | Jianping Wu Qi Deng Dafeng Hui Xin Xiong Huiling Zhang Mengdi Zhao Xuan Wang Minghui Hu Yongxian Su Hongou Zhang Guowei Chu Deqiang Zhang |
| author_sort | Jianping Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to the emissions of air pollutants, acid rain in southern China poses a great threat to terrestrial ecosystems. However, its influences on ecological processes such as litter decomposition and soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation are still not clear. The aim of this study was to understand the potential mechanisms of carbon sequestration change in response to long-term acid rain in a subtropical forest. A field experiment with simulated acid rain (SAR) treatment was conducted in a monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest in southern China. Four levels of SAR treatment were implemented by irrigating the plots with water of different pH values (4.5 as a control, 4.0, 3.5, and 3.0). The results showed that the concentration of SOC and recalcitrant index for the SAR pH = 3.0 treatment were significantly higher compared to the control. Lignin fractions in litter residue layers were significantly increased, while soil microbial biomass carbon and soil ligninolytic enzyme activities were reduced under the SAR treatment. The concentration of SOC and recalcitrant index had positive relationships with the litter residue lignin fraction, but negative relationships with soil ligninolytic enzyme activity. These findings indicate that soil carbon accumulation could be enhanced with more stable lignin input under prolonged acid rain in forest ecosystems in southern China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:55:16Z |
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| id | doaj.art-c4e9c8dd734d48969f11698f5d2603e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:55:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-c4e9c8dd734d48969f11698f5d2603e02023-11-20T20:40:25ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072020-11-011111119110.3390/f11111191Reduced Lignin Decomposition and Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Stability by Acid Rain: Evidence from <sup>13</sup>C Isotope and <sup>13</sup>C NMR AnalysesJianping Wu0Qi Deng1Dafeng Hui2Xin Xiong3Huiling Zhang4Mengdi Zhao5Xuan Wang6Minghui Hu7Yongxian Su8Hongou Zhang9Guowei Chu10Deqiang Zhang11Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, ChinaSouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, ChinaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USAKey Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaKey Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, ChinaKey Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaSouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, ChinaDue to the emissions of air pollutants, acid rain in southern China poses a great threat to terrestrial ecosystems. However, its influences on ecological processes such as litter decomposition and soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation are still not clear. The aim of this study was to understand the potential mechanisms of carbon sequestration change in response to long-term acid rain in a subtropical forest. A field experiment with simulated acid rain (SAR) treatment was conducted in a monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest in southern China. Four levels of SAR treatment were implemented by irrigating the plots with water of different pH values (4.5 as a control, 4.0, 3.5, and 3.0). The results showed that the concentration of SOC and recalcitrant index for the SAR pH = 3.0 treatment were significantly higher compared to the control. Lignin fractions in litter residue layers were significantly increased, while soil microbial biomass carbon and soil ligninolytic enzyme activities were reduced under the SAR treatment. The concentration of SOC and recalcitrant index had positive relationships with the litter residue lignin fraction, but negative relationships with soil ligninolytic enzyme activity. These findings indicate that soil carbon accumulation could be enhanced with more stable lignin input under prolonged acid rain in forest ecosystems in southern China.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/11/1191acid rain<sup>13</sup>C NMR<i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>Clignin fractionsoil ligninolytic enzyme activitiessoil organic carbon |
| spellingShingle | Jianping Wu Qi Deng Dafeng Hui Xin Xiong Huiling Zhang Mengdi Zhao Xuan Wang Minghui Hu Yongxian Su Hongou Zhang Guowei Chu Deqiang Zhang Reduced Lignin Decomposition and Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Stability by Acid Rain: Evidence from <sup>13</sup>C Isotope and <sup>13</sup>C NMR Analyses Forests acid rain <sup>13</sup>C NMR <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C lignin fraction soil ligninolytic enzyme activities soil organic carbon |
| title | Reduced Lignin Decomposition and Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Stability by Acid Rain: Evidence from <sup>13</sup>C Isotope and <sup>13</sup>C NMR Analyses |
| title_full | Reduced Lignin Decomposition and Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Stability by Acid Rain: Evidence from <sup>13</sup>C Isotope and <sup>13</sup>C NMR Analyses |
| title_fullStr | Reduced Lignin Decomposition and Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Stability by Acid Rain: Evidence from <sup>13</sup>C Isotope and <sup>13</sup>C NMR Analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reduced Lignin Decomposition and Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Stability by Acid Rain: Evidence from <sup>13</sup>C Isotope and <sup>13</sup>C NMR Analyses |
| title_short | Reduced Lignin Decomposition and Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Stability by Acid Rain: Evidence from <sup>13</sup>C Isotope and <sup>13</sup>C NMR Analyses |
| title_sort | reduced lignin decomposition and enhanced soil organic carbon stability by acid rain evidence from sup 13 sup c isotope and sup 13 sup c nmr analyses |
| topic | acid rain <sup>13</sup>C NMR <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C lignin fraction soil ligninolytic enzyme activities soil organic carbon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/11/1191 |
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