The Stability and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) Using Caco-2 Cells
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) are found in a wide range of products such as sunscreen, paints, toothpaste and cosmetics due to their white pigment and high refractive index. These wide-ranging applications could result in direct or indirect exposure of these NPs to...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1334 |
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| author | Oladipupo Moyinoluwa David Kim Leigh Lategan Maria Fidalgo de Cortalezzi Edmund John Pool |
| author_facet | Oladipupo Moyinoluwa David Kim Leigh Lategan Maria Fidalgo de Cortalezzi Edmund John Pool |
| author_sort | Oladipupo Moyinoluwa David |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) are found in a wide range of products such as sunscreen, paints, toothpaste and cosmetics due to their white pigment and high refractive index. These wide-ranging applications could result in direct or indirect exposure of these NPs to humans and the environment. Accordingly, conflicting levels of toxicity has been associated with these NPs. Therefore, the risk associated with these reports and for TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs produced using varying methodologies should be measured. This study aimed to investigate the effects of various media on TiO<sub>2</sub>NP properties (hydrodynamic size and zeta potential) and the effects of TiO<sub>2</sub>NP exposure on human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) epithelial cell viability, inflammatory and cell stress biomarkers and angiogenesis proteome profiles. The NPs increased in size over time in the various media, while zeta potentials were stable. TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs also induced cell stress biomarkers, which could be attributed to the NPs not being cytotoxic. Consequently, TiO<sub>2</sub>NP exposure had no effects on the level of inflammatory biomarkers produced by Caco-2. TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs expressed some anti-angiogenic properties when exposed to the no-observed-adverse-effect level and requires further in-depth investigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:38:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c4fc48e9d3824dba9603330d58e70c1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:38:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-c4fc48e9d3824dba9603330d58e70c1b2023-11-23T23:06:59ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-09-011210133410.3390/biom12101334The Stability and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) Using Caco-2 CellsOladipupo Moyinoluwa David0Kim Leigh Lategan1Maria Fidalgo de Cortalezzi2Edmund John Pool3Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South AfricaDepartment of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South AfricaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USADepartment of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South AfricaTitanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) are found in a wide range of products such as sunscreen, paints, toothpaste and cosmetics due to their white pigment and high refractive index. These wide-ranging applications could result in direct or indirect exposure of these NPs to humans and the environment. Accordingly, conflicting levels of toxicity has been associated with these NPs. Therefore, the risk associated with these reports and for TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs produced using varying methodologies should be measured. This study aimed to investigate the effects of various media on TiO<sub>2</sub>NP properties (hydrodynamic size and zeta potential) and the effects of TiO<sub>2</sub>NP exposure on human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) epithelial cell viability, inflammatory and cell stress biomarkers and angiogenesis proteome profiles. The NPs increased in size over time in the various media, while zeta potentials were stable. TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs also induced cell stress biomarkers, which could be attributed to the NPs not being cytotoxic. Consequently, TiO<sub>2</sub>NP exposure had no effects on the level of inflammatory biomarkers produced by Caco-2. TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs expressed some anti-angiogenic properties when exposed to the no-observed-adverse-effect level and requires further in-depth investigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1334titanium dioxidenanoparticlescytotoxicityinflammationcell stressangiogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Oladipupo Moyinoluwa David Kim Leigh Lategan Maria Fidalgo de Cortalezzi Edmund John Pool The Stability and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) Using Caco-2 Cells Biomolecules titanium dioxide nanoparticles cytotoxicity inflammation cell stress angiogenesis |
| title | The Stability and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) Using Caco-2 Cells |
| title_full | The Stability and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) Using Caco-2 Cells |
| title_fullStr | The Stability and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) Using Caco-2 Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Stability and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) Using Caco-2 Cells |
| title_short | The Stability and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) Using Caco-2 Cells |
| title_sort | stability and anti angiogenic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles tio sub 2 sub nps using caco 2 cells |
| topic | titanium dioxide nanoparticles cytotoxicity inflammation cell stress angiogenesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1334 |
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