Extracellular superoxide dismutase VdSOD5 is required for virulence in Verticillium dahliae
Plants produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to defend pathogens. To counteract this attack, certain pathogens express superoxide dismutases (SODs) to scavenge host-derived ROS. However, the roles of SODs in Verticillium dahliae, an important vascular pathogen, are not clear. Our previous study has...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Integrative Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311920633536 |
| _version_ | 1829490255688892416 |
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| author | Li TIAN Cai-min HUANG Dan-dan ZHANG Ran LI Jie-yin CHEN Wei-xia SUN Nian-wei QIU Xiao-feng DAI |
| author_facet | Li TIAN Cai-min HUANG Dan-dan ZHANG Ran LI Jie-yin CHEN Wei-xia SUN Nian-wei QIU Xiao-feng DAI |
| author_sort | Li TIAN |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plants produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to defend pathogens. To counteract this attack, certain pathogens express superoxide dismutases (SODs) to scavenge host-derived ROS. However, the roles of SODs in Verticillium dahliae, an important vascular pathogen, are not clear. Our previous study has shown that a putative extracellular SOD (VdSOD5) of V. dahliae is significantly induced by culturing in cotton tissues, suggesting that VdSOD5 may play an important role in host–pathogen interactions and virulence. Here, we showed that VdSOD5 encoded a superoxide dismutase with a cofactor copper-binding site and a functional signal peptide that can conduct protein secretion in an invertase-mutated yeast strain. The mutations in VdSOD5 (ΔVdSOD5) did not change the normal vegetative growth and conidial production but reduced the virulence of V. dahliae on susceptible host cotton. Further studies showed that the transcription of VdSOD5 was significantly up-regulated during the early stage of infection, and the loss-of-function of VdSOD5 decreased culture filtrate and fungal tissue SOD activities of V. dahliae by 74 and 28%, respectively. Compared to the wild-type strain Vd991, the ΔVdSOD5 showed the same sensitivity to the intracellular ROS generator menadione. Furthermore, nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) staining demonstrated that VdSOD5 functioned in the detoxification of superoxides generated by host roots during infection. These results suggest that VdSOD5 of V. dahliae is an important virulence factor, secreted out of cells to combat host-derived ROS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-15T00:21:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c50d83ddbf23495c8d51402c95d3dc1f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2095-3119 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-15T00:21:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Integrative Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-c50d83ddbf23495c8d51402c95d3dc1f2022-12-21T22:42:18ZengElsevierJournal of Integrative Agriculture2095-31192021-07-0120718581870Extracellular superoxide dismutase VdSOD5 is required for virulence in Verticillium dahliaeLi TIAN0Cai-min HUANG1Dan-dan ZHANG2Ran LI3Jie-yin CHEN4Wei-xia SUN5Nian-wei QIU6Xiao-feng DAI7College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P.R.ChinaCollege of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R.ChinaCollege of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P.R.ChinaCollege of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P.R.China; Correspondence QIU Nian-wei, Tel: +86-537-4456415State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R.China; Correspondence DAI Xiao-feng, Tel: +86-10-62813566Plants produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to defend pathogens. To counteract this attack, certain pathogens express superoxide dismutases (SODs) to scavenge host-derived ROS. However, the roles of SODs in Verticillium dahliae, an important vascular pathogen, are not clear. Our previous study has shown that a putative extracellular SOD (VdSOD5) of V. dahliae is significantly induced by culturing in cotton tissues, suggesting that VdSOD5 may play an important role in host–pathogen interactions and virulence. Here, we showed that VdSOD5 encoded a superoxide dismutase with a cofactor copper-binding site and a functional signal peptide that can conduct protein secretion in an invertase-mutated yeast strain. The mutations in VdSOD5 (ΔVdSOD5) did not change the normal vegetative growth and conidial production but reduced the virulence of V. dahliae on susceptible host cotton. Further studies showed that the transcription of VdSOD5 was significantly up-regulated during the early stage of infection, and the loss-of-function of VdSOD5 decreased culture filtrate and fungal tissue SOD activities of V. dahliae by 74 and 28%, respectively. Compared to the wild-type strain Vd991, the ΔVdSOD5 showed the same sensitivity to the intracellular ROS generator menadione. Furthermore, nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) staining demonstrated that VdSOD5 functioned in the detoxification of superoxides generated by host roots during infection. These results suggest that VdSOD5 of V. dahliae is an important virulence factor, secreted out of cells to combat host-derived ROS.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311920633536Verticillium dahliaesuperoxide dismutasesecretionvirulenceROS detoxification |
| spellingShingle | Li TIAN Cai-min HUANG Dan-dan ZHANG Ran LI Jie-yin CHEN Wei-xia SUN Nian-wei QIU Xiao-feng DAI Extracellular superoxide dismutase VdSOD5 is required for virulence in Verticillium dahliae Journal of Integrative Agriculture Verticillium dahliae superoxide dismutase secretion virulence ROS detoxification |
| title | Extracellular superoxide dismutase VdSOD5 is required for virulence in Verticillium dahliae |
| title_full | Extracellular superoxide dismutase VdSOD5 is required for virulence in Verticillium dahliae |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular superoxide dismutase VdSOD5 is required for virulence in Verticillium dahliae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular superoxide dismutase VdSOD5 is required for virulence in Verticillium dahliae |
| title_short | Extracellular superoxide dismutase VdSOD5 is required for virulence in Verticillium dahliae |
| title_sort | extracellular superoxide dismutase vdsod5 is required for virulence in verticillium dahliae |
| topic | Verticillium dahliae superoxide dismutase secretion virulence ROS detoxification |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311920633536 |
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