Autochthonous Apple Cultivars from the Campania Region (Southern Italy): Bio-Agronomic and Qualitative Traits
Apple (<i>Malus</i> × <i>domestica</i> Borkh.) is an important fruit crop widely spread in the cold and mild climates of temperate regions in the world, with more than 93 million tons harvested worldwide in 2021. The object of this work was to analyze thirty-one local apple c...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/5/1160 |
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| author | Danilo Cice Elvira Ferrara Anna Magri Giuseppina Adiletta Giuseppe Capriolo Pietro Rega Marisa Di Matteo Milena Petriccione |
| author_facet | Danilo Cice Elvira Ferrara Anna Magri Giuseppina Adiletta Giuseppe Capriolo Pietro Rega Marisa Di Matteo Milena Petriccione |
| author_sort | Danilo Cice |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Apple (<i>Malus</i> × <i>domestica</i> Borkh.) is an important fruit crop widely spread in the cold and mild climates of temperate regions in the world, with more than 93 million tons harvested worldwide in 2021. The object of this work was to analyze thirty-one local apple cultivars of the Campania region (Southern Italy) using agronomic, morphological (UPOV descriptors) and physicochemical (solid soluble content, texture, pH and titratable acidity, skin color, Young’s modulus and browning index) traits. UPOV descriptors highlighted similarities and differences among apple cultivars with a depth phenotypic characterization. Apple cultivars showed significant differences in fruit weight (31.3–236.02 g) and physicochemical trait ranging from 8.0 to 14.64° Brix for solid soluble content, 2.34–10.38 g malic acid L<sup>−1</sup> for titratable acidity, and 15–40% for browning index. Furthermore, different percentages in apple shape and skin color have been detected. Similarities among the cultivars based on their bio-agronomic and qualitative traits have been evaluated by cluster analyses and principal component analyses. This apple germplasm collection represents an irreplaceable genetic resource with considerable morphological and pomological variabilities among several cultivars. Nowadays, some local cultivars, widespread only in restricted geographical areas, could be reintroduced in cultivation contribution to improving the diversity of our diets and contemporary to preserve knowledge on traditional agricultural systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:13:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c526d23b8c574c218c181780f8d71c21 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:13:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-c526d23b8c574c218c181780f8d71c212023-11-17T08:24:58ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-03-01125116010.3390/plants12051160Autochthonous Apple Cultivars from the Campania Region (Southern Italy): Bio-Agronomic and Qualitative TraitsDanilo Cice0Elvira Ferrara1Anna Magri2Giuseppina Adiletta3Giuseppe Capriolo4Pietro Rega5Marisa Di Matteo6Milena Petriccione7CREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, Via Torrino 3, 81100 Caserta, ItalyCREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, Via Torrino 3, 81100 Caserta, ItalyCREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, Via Torrino 3, 81100 Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyCREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, Via Torrino 3, 81100 Caserta, ItalyCREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, Via Torrino 3, 81100 Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyCREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, Via Torrino 3, 81100 Caserta, ItalyApple (<i>Malus</i> × <i>domestica</i> Borkh.) is an important fruit crop widely spread in the cold and mild climates of temperate regions in the world, with more than 93 million tons harvested worldwide in 2021. The object of this work was to analyze thirty-one local apple cultivars of the Campania region (Southern Italy) using agronomic, morphological (UPOV descriptors) and physicochemical (solid soluble content, texture, pH and titratable acidity, skin color, Young’s modulus and browning index) traits. UPOV descriptors highlighted similarities and differences among apple cultivars with a depth phenotypic characterization. Apple cultivars showed significant differences in fruit weight (31.3–236.02 g) and physicochemical trait ranging from 8.0 to 14.64° Brix for solid soluble content, 2.34–10.38 g malic acid L<sup>−1</sup> for titratable acidity, and 15–40% for browning index. Furthermore, different percentages in apple shape and skin color have been detected. Similarities among the cultivars based on their bio-agronomic and qualitative traits have been evaluated by cluster analyses and principal component analyses. This apple germplasm collection represents an irreplaceable genetic resource with considerable morphological and pomological variabilities among several cultivars. Nowadays, some local cultivars, widespread only in restricted geographical areas, could be reintroduced in cultivation contribution to improving the diversity of our diets and contemporary to preserve knowledge on traditional agricultural systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/5/1160fruit cropgermplasmancient cultivarsstatistical analysis |
| spellingShingle | Danilo Cice Elvira Ferrara Anna Magri Giuseppina Adiletta Giuseppe Capriolo Pietro Rega Marisa Di Matteo Milena Petriccione Autochthonous Apple Cultivars from the Campania Region (Southern Italy): Bio-Agronomic and Qualitative Traits Plants fruit crop germplasm ancient cultivars statistical analysis |
| title | Autochthonous Apple Cultivars from the Campania Region (Southern Italy): Bio-Agronomic and Qualitative Traits |
| title_full | Autochthonous Apple Cultivars from the Campania Region (Southern Italy): Bio-Agronomic and Qualitative Traits |
| title_fullStr | Autochthonous Apple Cultivars from the Campania Region (Southern Italy): Bio-Agronomic and Qualitative Traits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autochthonous Apple Cultivars from the Campania Region (Southern Italy): Bio-Agronomic and Qualitative Traits |
| title_short | Autochthonous Apple Cultivars from the Campania Region (Southern Italy): Bio-Agronomic and Qualitative Traits |
| title_sort | autochthonous apple cultivars from the campania region southern italy bio agronomic and qualitative traits |
| topic | fruit crop germplasm ancient cultivars statistical analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/5/1160 |
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