An Improvement in the Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urinary Isolates in the Out-Of-Hospital Setting following Decreased Community Use of Antibiotics during the COVID-19 Pandemic
After the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in antibiotic consumption in the out-of-hospital setting was observed. However, data about the impact of this reduction on antimicrobial resistance are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess antibiotic consumption and antibiotic resistance at th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/1/126 |
| _version_ | 1797446918381502464 |
|---|---|
| author | Sara Tedeschi Elena Sora Andrea Berlingeri Denis Savini Elena Rosselli Del Turco Pierluigi Viale Fabio Tumietto |
| author_facet | Sara Tedeschi Elena Sora Andrea Berlingeri Denis Savini Elena Rosselli Del Turco Pierluigi Viale Fabio Tumietto |
| author_sort | Sara Tedeschi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | After the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in antibiotic consumption in the out-of-hospital setting was observed. However, data about the impact of this reduction on antimicrobial resistance are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess antibiotic consumption and antibiotic resistance at the community level in an Italian province before and after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. We carried out an observational study, comparing antibiotic consumption in the community during 2019 and 2020 and the antibiotic resistance patterns of <i>Enterobacterales</i> cultured from urine samples from the out-of-hospital setting during the first semester of 2020 and 2021. Overall, antibiotic consumption decreased by 28% from 2019 to 2020 (from 13.9 to 9.97 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day). The main reductions involved penicillins (ATC J01C, from 6.9 to 4.8 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day, −31%), particularly amoxicillin/clavulanate (ATC J01CR02, −30%) and amoxicillin (J01CA04, −35.2%). Overall, 6445 strains of <i>Enterobacterales</i> were analyzed; in 2020, the susceptibility rate of amoxicillin/clavulanate increased from 57.5% to 87% among isolates from the primary care setting (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and from 39% to 72% (<i>p</i> < 0.001) among isolates from LTCF. The reduction in the community use of antibiotics observed in 2020 was followed by a change in the antimicrobial resistance patterns of urinary isolates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:48:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5272b91d8d0479e84eb5905b4dceeab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:48:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5272b91d8d0479e84eb5905b4dceeab2023-11-30T20:56:06ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-01-0112112610.3390/antibiotics12010126An Improvement in the Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urinary Isolates in the Out-Of-Hospital Setting following Decreased Community Use of Antibiotics during the COVID-19 PandemicSara Tedeschi0Elena Sora1Andrea Berlingeri2Denis Savini3Elena Rosselli Del Turco4Pierluigi Viale5Fabio Tumietto6Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyPharmacy Department, Bologna Local Health Unit, 40138 Bologna, ItalyMicrobiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyPharmacy Department, Bologna Local Health Unit, 40138 Bologna, ItalyInfectious Diseases Unit, Department for Integrated Infectious Risk Management, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyAntimicrobial Stewardship Unit, Bologna Local Health Unit, 40138 Bologna, ItalyAfter the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in antibiotic consumption in the out-of-hospital setting was observed. However, data about the impact of this reduction on antimicrobial resistance are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess antibiotic consumption and antibiotic resistance at the community level in an Italian province before and after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. We carried out an observational study, comparing antibiotic consumption in the community during 2019 and 2020 and the antibiotic resistance patterns of <i>Enterobacterales</i> cultured from urine samples from the out-of-hospital setting during the first semester of 2020 and 2021. Overall, antibiotic consumption decreased by 28% from 2019 to 2020 (from 13.9 to 9.97 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day). The main reductions involved penicillins (ATC J01C, from 6.9 to 4.8 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day, −31%), particularly amoxicillin/clavulanate (ATC J01CR02, −30%) and amoxicillin (J01CA04, −35.2%). Overall, 6445 strains of <i>Enterobacterales</i> were analyzed; in 2020, the susceptibility rate of amoxicillin/clavulanate increased from 57.5% to 87% among isolates from the primary care setting (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and from 39% to 72% (<i>p</i> < 0.001) among isolates from LTCF. The reduction in the community use of antibiotics observed in 2020 was followed by a change in the antimicrobial resistance patterns of urinary isolates.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/1/126antibiotic consumptionprimary careCOVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Sara Tedeschi Elena Sora Andrea Berlingeri Denis Savini Elena Rosselli Del Turco Pierluigi Viale Fabio Tumietto An Improvement in the Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urinary Isolates in the Out-Of-Hospital Setting following Decreased Community Use of Antibiotics during the COVID-19 Pandemic Antibiotics antibiotic consumption primary care COVID-19 |
| title | An Improvement in the Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urinary Isolates in the Out-Of-Hospital Setting following Decreased Community Use of Antibiotics during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full | An Improvement in the Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urinary Isolates in the Out-Of-Hospital Setting following Decreased Community Use of Antibiotics during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_fullStr | An Improvement in the Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urinary Isolates in the Out-Of-Hospital Setting following Decreased Community Use of Antibiotics during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Improvement in the Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urinary Isolates in the Out-Of-Hospital Setting following Decreased Community Use of Antibiotics during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_short | An Improvement in the Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urinary Isolates in the Out-Of-Hospital Setting following Decreased Community Use of Antibiotics during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_sort | improvement in the antimicrobial resistance patterns of urinary isolates in the out of hospital setting following decreased community use of antibiotics during the covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | antibiotic consumption primary care COVID-19 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/1/126 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT saratedeschi animprovementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT elenasora animprovementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT andreaberlingeri animprovementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT denissavini animprovementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT elenarossellidelturco animprovementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT pierluigiviale animprovementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT fabiotumietto animprovementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT saratedeschi improvementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT elenasora improvementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT andreaberlingeri improvementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT denissavini improvementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT elenarossellidelturco improvementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT pierluigiviale improvementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic AT fabiotumietto improvementintheantimicrobialresistancepatternsofurinaryisolatesintheoutofhospitalsettingfollowingdecreasedcommunityuseofantibioticsduringthecovid19pandemic |