Effect of Body Fat and BMI on Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Muscle strength and endurance are key determinants of physical fitness, cardiometabolic profile, and overall health. Clinically, they are tested by estimating Handgrip Strength (HGS) and Handgrip Endurance (HGE) through an isometric contraction of the flexors of the forearm and han...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18568/63970_CE[Ra1]_F(SS)_PF1(AP_IS)_QC(AN_IS)_PFA(KM)_PB(AP_OM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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| author | Dipak Kumar Dhar Brijesh Purwar |
| author_facet | Dipak Kumar Dhar Brijesh Purwar |
| author_sort | Dipak Kumar Dhar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Muscle strength and endurance are key
determinants of physical fitness, cardiometabolic profile, and
overall health. Clinically, they are tested by estimating Handgrip
Strength (HGS) and Handgrip Endurance (HGE) through an
isometric contraction of the flexors of the forearm and hand.
Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat content can both influence
muscle performance, but there are wide variations regarding
their effects. BMI and body fat also do not show unequivocal
similarity to each other.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine and compare
the effects of BMI and body fat on muscle strength and
endurance.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was
conducted at the Department of Physiology, Himalayan Institute
of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly
Grant, Dehradun from April 2019 to March 2020. A total of 100
subjects who fulfilled the selection criteria were included. BMI and
body fat were measured, and HGS and HGE were recorded using
a handgrip dynamometer. Statistical analysis was performed
using SPSS version 17.0. Descriptive statistics, independent
sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used for comparison.
Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression were used
to determine and quantify the nature of the effect, with a p-value
of ≤0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: The participants had a mean BMI of 23.809±3.798 kg/
m2
and a mean body fat percentage of 25.309±7.162%. The
mean HGS and HGE of the participants were 36.08±9.956 kg
and 18.46±14.2 seconds, respectively. Body fat percentage
showed a negative and moderately significant correlation
(p-value≤0.001) with both muscle strength and endurance.
Approximately one-fifth of the variations in muscle strength and
one-third of the variations in muscle endurance were determined
by body fat content. HGS and HGE were higher in males, while
body fat percentage was higher in females. Gender variation in
body fat contributed to more than 40% of the variance.
Conclusion: The study revealed a negative correlation between
total body fat and muscle strength and performance. Keeping
body fat under control can improve muscle performance, which,
in turn, enhances cardiometabolic health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:42:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c52af4e8c8e944f8a04a72108645b5d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:42:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-c52af4e8c8e944f8a04a72108645b5d12023-10-26T10:05:43ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2023-10-011710121610.7860/JCDR/2023/63970.18568Effect of Body Fat and BMI on Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young Adults: A Cross-sectional StudyDipak Kumar Dhar0Brijesh Purwar1Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.Professor, Department of Physiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.Introduction: Muscle strength and endurance are key determinants of physical fitness, cardiometabolic profile, and overall health. Clinically, they are tested by estimating Handgrip Strength (HGS) and Handgrip Endurance (HGE) through an isometric contraction of the flexors of the forearm and hand. Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat content can both influence muscle performance, but there are wide variations regarding their effects. BMI and body fat also do not show unequivocal similarity to each other. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effects of BMI and body fat on muscle strength and endurance. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun from April 2019 to March 2020. A total of 100 subjects who fulfilled the selection criteria were included. BMI and body fat were measured, and HGS and HGE were recorded using a handgrip dynamometer. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.0. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used for comparison. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to determine and quantify the nature of the effect, with a p-value of ≤0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The participants had a mean BMI of 23.809±3.798 kg/ m2 and a mean body fat percentage of 25.309±7.162%. The mean HGS and HGE of the participants were 36.08±9.956 kg and 18.46±14.2 seconds, respectively. Body fat percentage showed a negative and moderately significant correlation (p-value≤0.001) with both muscle strength and endurance. Approximately one-fifth of the variations in muscle strength and one-third of the variations in muscle endurance were determined by body fat content. HGS and HGE were higher in males, while body fat percentage was higher in females. Gender variation in body fat contributed to more than 40% of the variance. Conclusion: The study revealed a negative correlation between total body fat and muscle strength and performance. Keeping body fat under control can improve muscle performance, which, in turn, enhances cardiometabolic health.https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18568/63970_CE[Ra1]_F(SS)_PF1(AP_IS)_QC(AN_IS)_PFA(KM)_PB(AP_OM)_PN(KM).pdfbody fat percentagebody mass indexhand grip endurancehand grip strengthmuscle performance |
| spellingShingle | Dipak Kumar Dhar Brijesh Purwar Effect of Body Fat and BMI on Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research body fat percentage body mass index hand grip endurance hand grip strength muscle performance |
| title | Effect of Body Fat and BMI on Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full | Effect of Body Fat and BMI on Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Body Fat and BMI on Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Body Fat and BMI on Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_short | Effect of Body Fat and BMI on Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_sort | effect of body fat and bmi on muscle strength and endurance in young adults a cross sectional study |
| topic | body fat percentage body mass index hand grip endurance hand grip strength muscle performance |
| url | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18568/63970_CE[Ra1]_F(SS)_PF1(AP_IS)_QC(AN_IS)_PFA(KM)_PB(AP_OM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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