VISTA, PDL-L1, and <i>BRAF</i>—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of Melanoma
Melanoma is currently known as one of the most aggressive malignant tumors. The prognostic factors and particularities of this neoplasm are a persistent hot topic in the medical field. This review has multiple purposes. First, we aim to summarize the known data regarding the histological and immunoh...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/1/74 |
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| author | Andreea Cătălina Tinca Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz Mihaela Cornelia Șincu Raluca Niculescu Adrian Horațiu Sabău Diana Maria Chiorean Andreea Raluca Szőke Ovidiu Simion Cotoi |
| author_facet | Andreea Cătălina Tinca Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz Mihaela Cornelia Șincu Raluca Niculescu Adrian Horațiu Sabău Diana Maria Chiorean Andreea Raluca Szőke Ovidiu Simion Cotoi |
| author_sort | Andreea Cătălina Tinca |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Melanoma is currently known as one of the most aggressive malignant tumors. The prognostic factors and particularities of this neoplasm are a persistent hot topic in the medical field. This review has multiple purposes. First, we aim to summarize the known data regarding the histological and immunohistochemical appearance of this versatile tumor and to look further into the analysis of several widely used prognostic markers, such as B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase <i>BRAF</i>. The second purpose is to analyze the data on the new prognostic markers, V-domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T cell Activation (VISTA) and Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). VISTA is a novel target that is considered to be highly important in determining the invasive potential and treatment response of a melanoma, and there are currently only a limited number of studies describing its role. PD-L1 is a marker with whose importance has been revealed in multiple types of malignancies, but its exact role regarding melanoma remains under investigation. In conclusion, the gathered data highlights the importance of correlations between these markers toward providing patients with a better outcome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:00:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c53fec88dd54442ba8f9d3f19c87ce66 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:00:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-c53fec88dd54442ba8f9d3f19c87ce662023-11-23T14:36:30ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442022-01-015817410.3390/medicina58010074VISTA, PDL-L1, and <i>BRAF</i>—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of MelanomaAndreea Cătălina Tinca0Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz1Mihaela Cornelia Șincu2Raluca Niculescu3Adrian Horațiu Sabău4Diana Maria Chiorean5Andreea Raluca Szőke6Ovidiu Simion Cotoi7Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDoctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDoctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDoctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDoctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDoctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDoctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaPathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, RomaniaMelanoma is currently known as one of the most aggressive malignant tumors. The prognostic factors and particularities of this neoplasm are a persistent hot topic in the medical field. This review has multiple purposes. First, we aim to summarize the known data regarding the histological and immunohistochemical appearance of this versatile tumor and to look further into the analysis of several widely used prognostic markers, such as B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase <i>BRAF</i>. The second purpose is to analyze the data on the new prognostic markers, V-domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T cell Activation (VISTA) and Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). VISTA is a novel target that is considered to be highly important in determining the invasive potential and treatment response of a melanoma, and there are currently only a limited number of studies describing its role. PD-L1 is a marker with whose importance has been revealed in multiple types of malignancies, but its exact role regarding melanoma remains under investigation. In conclusion, the gathered data highlights the importance of correlations between these markers toward providing patients with a better outcome.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/1/74melanomaVISTAPD-L1<i>BRAF</i>prognosis |
| spellingShingle | Andreea Cătălina Tinca Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz Mihaela Cornelia Șincu Raluca Niculescu Adrian Horațiu Sabău Diana Maria Chiorean Andreea Raluca Szőke Ovidiu Simion Cotoi VISTA, PDL-L1, and <i>BRAF</i>—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of Melanoma Medicina melanoma VISTA PD-L1 <i>BRAF</i> prognosis |
| title | VISTA, PDL-L1, and <i>BRAF</i>—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of Melanoma |
| title_full | VISTA, PDL-L1, and <i>BRAF</i>—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of Melanoma |
| title_fullStr | VISTA, PDL-L1, and <i>BRAF</i>—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of Melanoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | VISTA, PDL-L1, and <i>BRAF</i>—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of Melanoma |
| title_short | VISTA, PDL-L1, and <i>BRAF</i>—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of Melanoma |
| title_sort | vista pdl l1 and i braf i a review of new and old markers in the prognosis of melanoma |
| topic | melanoma VISTA PD-L1 <i>BRAF</i> prognosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/1/74 |
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