Cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in <it>Escherichia coli</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>The sustainable production of biofuels will require the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. A key barrier involves the creation of growth-inhibitory compounds by chemical pretreatment steps, which ultimately reduce the efficiency of fermentative mic...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2009-10-01
|
| Series: | Biotechnology for Biofuels |
| Online Access: | http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/2/1/26 |
| _version_ | 1811256412194471936 |
|---|---|
| author | Gill Ryan T Sandoval Nicholas R Mills Tirzah Y |
| author_facet | Gill Ryan T Sandoval Nicholas R Mills Tirzah Y |
| author_sort | Gill Ryan T |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>The sustainable production of biofuels will require the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. A key barrier involves the creation of growth-inhibitory compounds by chemical pretreatment steps, which ultimately reduce the efficiency of fermentative microbial biocatalysts. The primary toxins include organic acids, furan derivatives, and phenolic compounds. Weak acids enter the cell and dissociate, resulting in a drop in intracellular pH as well as various anion-specific effects on metabolism. Furan derivatives, dehydration products of hexose and pentose sugars, have been shown to hinder fermentative enzyme function. Phenolic compounds, formed from lignin, can disrupt membranes and are hypothesized to interfere with the function of intracellular hydrophobic targets. This review covers mechanisms of toxicity and tolerance for these compounds with a specific focus on the important industrial organism <it>Escherichia coli</it>. Recent efforts to engineer <it>E. coli </it>for improved tolerance to these toxins are also discussed.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:40:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c54d921eb89c4b449dbedce5184800df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1754-6834 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:40:43Z |
| publishDate | 2009-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biotechnology for Biofuels |
| spelling | doaj.art-c54d921eb89c4b449dbedce5184800df2022-12-22T03:22:49ZengBMCBiotechnology for Biofuels1754-68342009-10-01212610.1186/1754-6834-2-26Cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in <it>Escherichia coli</it>Gill Ryan TSandoval Nicholas RMills Tirzah Y<p>Abstract</p> <p>The sustainable production of biofuels will require the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. A key barrier involves the creation of growth-inhibitory compounds by chemical pretreatment steps, which ultimately reduce the efficiency of fermentative microbial biocatalysts. The primary toxins include organic acids, furan derivatives, and phenolic compounds. Weak acids enter the cell and dissociate, resulting in a drop in intracellular pH as well as various anion-specific effects on metabolism. Furan derivatives, dehydration products of hexose and pentose sugars, have been shown to hinder fermentative enzyme function. Phenolic compounds, formed from lignin, can disrupt membranes and are hypothesized to interfere with the function of intracellular hydrophobic targets. This review covers mechanisms of toxicity and tolerance for these compounds with a specific focus on the important industrial organism <it>Escherichia coli</it>. Recent efforts to engineer <it>E. coli </it>for improved tolerance to these toxins are also discussed.</p>http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/2/1/26 |
| spellingShingle | Gill Ryan T Sandoval Nicholas R Mills Tirzah Y Cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in <it>Escherichia coli</it> Biotechnology for Biofuels |
| title | Cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in <it>Escherichia coli</it> |
| title_full | Cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in <it>Escherichia coli</it> |
| title_fullStr | Cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in <it>Escherichia coli</it> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in <it>Escherichia coli</it> |
| title_short | Cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in <it>Escherichia coli</it> |
| title_sort | cellulosic hydrolysate toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in it escherichia coli it |
| url | http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/2/1/26 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gillryant cellulosichydrolysatetoxicityandtolerancemechanismsinitescherichiacoliit AT sandovalnicholasr cellulosichydrolysatetoxicityandtolerancemechanismsinitescherichiacoliit AT millstirzahy cellulosichydrolysatetoxicityandtolerancemechanismsinitescherichiacoliit |