Fortunella venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle as Independent Species: Evidence From Morphology and Molecular Systematics and Taxonomic Revision of Fortunella (Rutaceae)
Recently, the systematic status of Fortunella Swingle and its taxonomy has attracted much attention. Flora of China incorporates Fortunella into Citrus Linn. and treats all species of the traditional Fortunella as one species, namely Citrus japonica (Thunb.) Swingle. Furthermore, F. venosa (Champ. e...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.867659/full |
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| author | Ting Wang Ling-Ling Chen Hui-Juan Shu Fang You Xiao-Li Liang Jun Li Jing Ren Jing Ren Vincent Okelo Wanga Vincent Okelo Wanga Fredrick Munyao Mutie Fredrick Munyao Mutie Xiu-Zhen Cai Ke-Ming Liu Guang-Wan Hu Guang-Wan Hu |
| author_facet | Ting Wang Ling-Ling Chen Hui-Juan Shu Fang You Xiao-Li Liang Jun Li Jing Ren Jing Ren Vincent Okelo Wanga Vincent Okelo Wanga Fredrick Munyao Mutie Fredrick Munyao Mutie Xiu-Zhen Cai Ke-Ming Liu Guang-Wan Hu Guang-Wan Hu |
| author_sort | Ting Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recently, the systematic status of Fortunella Swingle and its taxonomy has attracted much attention. Flora of China incorporates Fortunella into Citrus Linn. and treats all species of the traditional Fortunella as one species, namely Citrus japonica (Thunb.) Swingle. Furthermore, F. venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle are currently considered as synonyms of C. japonica. In this paper, morphological, palynological, and phylogenetic analyses were used to systematically explore the taxonomic status of traditional Fortunella. The key morphological features that differed among the Fortunella species were the leaf and the petiole hence could be key in its taxonomic classification of the species. Additionally, pollen morphological analysis based on the pollen size, germination grooves, polar, and equatorial axes also supported the separation of the species. The results of the phylogenetic analysis showed that each of the three species clustered separately, hence strongly supporting the conclusion of independent species. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis showed that the two genera clustered closely together hence our results support the incorporation of Fortunella into Citrus. Based on the above, this article has revised the classification of the traditional Fortunella and determined that this genus has three species, namely; F. venosa, F. hindsii, and F. japonica. F. venosa and F. hindsii are placed in the Citrus as separate species, and their species names still use the previous specific epithet. The revised scientific names of the new combinations of F. venosa and F. hindsii are as follows: Citrus venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) K. M. Liu, X. Z. Cai, and G. W. Hu, comb. nov. and Citrus hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) K. M. Liu, G. W. Hu, and X. Z. Cai, comb. nov. F. venosa is the original species of Fortunella, F. venosa and F. hindsii are both listed as the second-class key protected wild plants in China. Therefore, the establishment of the taxonomic status of F. venosa and F. hindsii not only deepens our understanding, importance, and the complexity of the systematic classification of Fortunella, but is also significant for global biodiversity conservation, genetic resources for breeding purposes, and population genetics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:09:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c55461d78eef47f881e56194d70beb35 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:09:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-c55461d78eef47f881e56194d70beb352022-12-22T02:21:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-05-011310.3389/fpls.2022.867659867659Fortunella venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle as Independent Species: Evidence From Morphology and Molecular Systematics and Taxonomic Revision of Fortunella (Rutaceae)Ting Wang0Ling-Ling Chen1Hui-Juan Shu2Fang You3Xiao-Li Liang4Jun Li5Jing Ren6Jing Ren7Vincent Okelo Wanga8Vincent Okelo Wanga9Fredrick Munyao Mutie10Fredrick Munyao Mutie11Xiu-Zhen Cai12Ke-Ming Liu13Guang-Wan Hu14Guang-Wan Hu15College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Ecological Environment of Hunan Province, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaUCAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaUCAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaUCAS, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaRecently, the systematic status of Fortunella Swingle and its taxonomy has attracted much attention. Flora of China incorporates Fortunella into Citrus Linn. and treats all species of the traditional Fortunella as one species, namely Citrus japonica (Thunb.) Swingle. Furthermore, F. venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle are currently considered as synonyms of C. japonica. In this paper, morphological, palynological, and phylogenetic analyses were used to systematically explore the taxonomic status of traditional Fortunella. The key morphological features that differed among the Fortunella species were the leaf and the petiole hence could be key in its taxonomic classification of the species. Additionally, pollen morphological analysis based on the pollen size, germination grooves, polar, and equatorial axes also supported the separation of the species. The results of the phylogenetic analysis showed that each of the three species clustered separately, hence strongly supporting the conclusion of independent species. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis showed that the two genera clustered closely together hence our results support the incorporation of Fortunella into Citrus. Based on the above, this article has revised the classification of the traditional Fortunella and determined that this genus has three species, namely; F. venosa, F. hindsii, and F. japonica. F. venosa and F. hindsii are placed in the Citrus as separate species, and their species names still use the previous specific epithet. The revised scientific names of the new combinations of F. venosa and F. hindsii are as follows: Citrus venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) K. M. Liu, X. Z. Cai, and G. W. Hu, comb. nov. and Citrus hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) K. M. Liu, G. W. Hu, and X. Z. Cai, comb. nov. F. venosa is the original species of Fortunella, F. venosa and F. hindsii are both listed as the second-class key protected wild plants in China. Therefore, the establishment of the taxonomic status of F. venosa and F. hindsii not only deepens our understanding, importance, and the complexity of the systematic classification of Fortunella, but is also significant for global biodiversity conservation, genetic resources for breeding purposes, and population genetics.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.867659/fullFortunella SwingleCitrus Linn.Fortunella venosaFortunella hindsiiindependent speciestaxonomic revision |
| spellingShingle | Ting Wang Ling-Ling Chen Hui-Juan Shu Fang You Xiao-Li Liang Jun Li Jing Ren Jing Ren Vincent Okelo Wanga Vincent Okelo Wanga Fredrick Munyao Mutie Fredrick Munyao Mutie Xiu-Zhen Cai Ke-Ming Liu Guang-Wan Hu Guang-Wan Hu Fortunella venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle as Independent Species: Evidence From Morphology and Molecular Systematics and Taxonomic Revision of Fortunella (Rutaceae) Frontiers in Plant Science Fortunella Swingle Citrus Linn. Fortunella venosa Fortunella hindsii independent species taxonomic revision |
| title | Fortunella venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle as Independent Species: Evidence From Morphology and Molecular Systematics and Taxonomic Revision of Fortunella (Rutaceae) |
| title_full | Fortunella venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle as Independent Species: Evidence From Morphology and Molecular Systematics and Taxonomic Revision of Fortunella (Rutaceae) |
| title_fullStr | Fortunella venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle as Independent Species: Evidence From Morphology and Molecular Systematics and Taxonomic Revision of Fortunella (Rutaceae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fortunella venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle as Independent Species: Evidence From Morphology and Molecular Systematics and Taxonomic Revision of Fortunella (Rutaceae) |
| title_short | Fortunella venosa (Champ. ex Benth.) C. C. Huang and F. hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle as Independent Species: Evidence From Morphology and Molecular Systematics and Taxonomic Revision of Fortunella (Rutaceae) |
| title_sort | fortunella venosa champ ex benth c c huang and f hindsii champ ex benth swingle as independent species evidence from morphology and molecular systematics and taxonomic revision of fortunella rutaceae |
| topic | Fortunella Swingle Citrus Linn. Fortunella venosa Fortunella hindsii independent species taxonomic revision |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.867659/full |
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