Yesevi Topraklarında Ateizm ve Kültürel Sekülerlik Politikaları: 1920-1940 Yılları Arasında Sovyet Yönetiminin Kazakistan’daki İslam Politikası
Kazakh Turks have enriched their cultural structure in their negative social life since the VIII century, after the acceptance of the acceptance of Islam and sharia values in the steppe. Various propaganda methods were carried out against the Islamic values adopted by the Kazakh society with this...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | deu |
| Published: |
Ankara Haci Bayram Veli University
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Velî Araştırma Dergisi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hbvdergisi.hacibayram.edu.tr/index.php/TKHBVD/article/view/2674 |
| _version_ | 1797915758109392896 |
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| author | Sultanmurat ABZHALOV Bakhytzhan SAPAROV |
| author_facet | Sultanmurat ABZHALOV Bakhytzhan SAPAROV |
| author_sort | Sultanmurat ABZHALOV |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kazakh Turks have enriched their cultural structure in their negative social life since the VIII century,
after the acceptance of the acceptance of Islam and sharia values in the steppe. Various propaganda
methods were carried out against the Islamic values adopted by the Kazakh society with this cultural
momentum, which lasted about 10 centuries, the annexation of Tsarist Russia and the colonial
administration that followed, and the policy of atheism, which was adopted by the Soviet Communist
party for 70 years.
In the early years, the Soviet administration carefully treated the religious feelings of the native
Kazakh Turks. On the one hand, the Bolsheviks pledged to “protect Muslims” and their rights, on
the other hand tried to destroy their democratic principles. In the second half of the 1920’s, the
“violent attack” policy against Islam started in the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics).
The totalitarian system, which strengthened until the end of the 1920’s, implemented a political
campaign against the clergy. The organs of the OGPU (United States Political Administration under
the People’s
Commissariat Council of the USSR) used various methods to prevent the unification of the country’s
Muslims and the political empowerment of religious and clergymen and their National intellectuals.
The Bolsheviks made decisions regarding the registration of religious associations, opening and
closing mosques, and managed to control cultural legislation. This new communist order led to
restrictions and violations of public rights and initiated harsh administrative control over all religious
activities of the country. Within these restrictions, Islam was attacked more than other religions. After
the establishment of the communist administration in Kazakhstan, the first period of famine began in
1921–1922, the policy of collectivization after 1926, the new economic policy and the second period
of hunger, followed by the policy of exposing the elite and genocide of the local population.
Thus, in this article, the ban on Muslim religious organizations, the persecution of mollas and imams,
the closure of mosques, the role of Islam in Kazakhstan, and the issue of famine were classified based
on archival documents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T12:46:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c55c092185434f11a09b32aa5b880167 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1306-8253 2147-9895 |
| language | deu |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T12:46:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Ankara Haci Bayram Veli University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Velî Araştırma Dergisi |
| spelling | doaj.art-c55c092185434f11a09b32aa5b8801672023-02-15T16:14:03ZdeuAnkara Haci Bayram Veli UniversityTürk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Velî Araştırma Dergisi1306-82532147-98952020-06-0129417118910.34189/hbv.94.010Yesevi Topraklarında Ateizm ve Kültürel Sekülerlik Politikaları: 1920-1940 Yılları Arasında Sovyet Yönetiminin Kazakistan’daki İslam PolitikasıSultanmurat ABZHALOVhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6238-9512Bakhytzhan SAPAROVhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8243-5184Kazakh Turks have enriched their cultural structure in their negative social life since the VIII century, after the acceptance of the acceptance of Islam and sharia values in the steppe. Various propaganda methods were carried out against the Islamic values adopted by the Kazakh society with this cultural momentum, which lasted about 10 centuries, the annexation of Tsarist Russia and the colonial administration that followed, and the policy of atheism, which was adopted by the Soviet Communist party for 70 years. In the early years, the Soviet administration carefully treated the religious feelings of the native Kazakh Turks. On the one hand, the Bolsheviks pledged to “protect Muslims” and their rights, on the other hand tried to destroy their democratic principles. In the second half of the 1920’s, the “violent attack” policy against Islam started in the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics). The totalitarian system, which strengthened until the end of the 1920’s, implemented a political campaign against the clergy. The organs of the OGPU (United States Political Administration under the People’s Commissariat Council of the USSR) used various methods to prevent the unification of the country’s Muslims and the political empowerment of religious and clergymen and their National intellectuals. The Bolsheviks made decisions regarding the registration of religious associations, opening and closing mosques, and managed to control cultural legislation. This new communist order led to restrictions and violations of public rights and initiated harsh administrative control over all religious activities of the country. Within these restrictions, Islam was attacked more than other religions. After the establishment of the communist administration in Kazakhstan, the first period of famine began in 1921–1922, the policy of collectivization after 1926, the new economic policy and the second period of hunger, followed by the policy of exposing the elite and genocide of the local population. Thus, in this article, the ban on Muslim religious organizations, the persecution of mollas and imams, the closure of mosques, the role of Islam in Kazakhstan, and the issue of famine were classified based on archival documents.https://hbvdergisi.hacibayram.edu.tr/index.php/TKHBVD/article/view/2674kazakhstansoviet administrationislampoliticsmuslim clergyfamine |
| spellingShingle | Sultanmurat ABZHALOV Bakhytzhan SAPAROV Yesevi Topraklarında Ateizm ve Kültürel Sekülerlik Politikaları: 1920-1940 Yılları Arasında Sovyet Yönetiminin Kazakistan’daki İslam Politikası Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Velî Araştırma Dergisi kazakhstan soviet administration islam politics muslim clergy famine |
| title | Yesevi Topraklarında Ateizm ve Kültürel Sekülerlik Politikaları: 1920-1940 Yılları Arasında Sovyet Yönetiminin Kazakistan’daki İslam Politikası |
| title_full | Yesevi Topraklarında Ateizm ve Kültürel Sekülerlik Politikaları: 1920-1940 Yılları Arasında Sovyet Yönetiminin Kazakistan’daki İslam Politikası |
| title_fullStr | Yesevi Topraklarında Ateizm ve Kültürel Sekülerlik Politikaları: 1920-1940 Yılları Arasında Sovyet Yönetiminin Kazakistan’daki İslam Politikası |
| title_full_unstemmed | Yesevi Topraklarında Ateizm ve Kültürel Sekülerlik Politikaları: 1920-1940 Yılları Arasında Sovyet Yönetiminin Kazakistan’daki İslam Politikası |
| title_short | Yesevi Topraklarında Ateizm ve Kültürel Sekülerlik Politikaları: 1920-1940 Yılları Arasında Sovyet Yönetiminin Kazakistan’daki İslam Politikası |
| title_sort | yesevi topraklarinda ateizm ve kulturel sekulerlik politikalari 1920 1940 yillari arasinda sovyet yonetiminin kazakistan daki islam politikasi |
| topic | kazakhstan soviet administration islam politics muslim clergy famine |
| url | https://hbvdergisi.hacibayram.edu.tr/index.php/TKHBVD/article/view/2674 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sultanmuratabzhalov yesevitopraklarındaateizmvekulturelsekulerlikpolitikaları19201940yıllarıarasındasovyetyonetimininkazakistandakiislampolitikası AT bakhytzhansaparov yesevitopraklarındaateizmvekulturelsekulerlikpolitikaları19201940yıllarıarasındasovyetyonetimininkazakistandakiislampolitikası |