Prevalence of Efflux Pump and Porin-Related Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad, Iraq
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic bacterium that causes many infections, including septicemia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and liver abscesses. There are many mechanisms for antibiotic resistance and K. pneumonia is considered a multidrug-resistant pathogen. This study aimed to find...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Archives of Razi Institute |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125746_6a73793f10738b891bcdfc6177fea7a8.pdf |
| _version_ | 1817976428363251712 |
|---|---|
| author | E. A Muhsin S Sajid Al-Jubori L Abdulhemid Said |
| author_facet | E. A Muhsin S Sajid Al-Jubori L Abdulhemid Said |
| author_sort | E. A Muhsin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic bacterium that causes many infections, including septicemia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and liver abscesses. There are many mechanisms for antibiotic resistance and K. pneumonia is considered a multidrug-resistant pathogen. This study aimed to find the correlation between the susceptibility of K. pneumonia to certain antibiotics with the porin-related resistance and pumps mechanisms. In total, two genes that are responsible for porin formation were considered in the current study: OmpK-35gene and OmpK-36 gene, in addition to other four genes (CfiaS, CfiaL, MFS, and MdtK genes) related to an efflux pump mechanism of antibiotic resistance. The bacterial resistance was investigated towards five cephalosporins (Cefazolin, Cefoxitin, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, and Cefepime) and two carbapenems (imipenem and ertapenem). Clinical samples, including blood, swabs, and urine, consisting of 20 specimens for each group, were collected from patients who attended three hospitals in Baghdad. The VITEK-2 system and genetic tests (polymerase chain reaction and sequencing) of bacterial isolates were applied to confirm the diagnosis of K. pneumoniae and detect the antibiotic sensitivity profile. The results showed that 51 (85%) and 15 (25%) of the total 60 isolates had positive results for OmpK-35 and Omp-K36 genes, respectively. The MFS and MdtK genes were observed (70-88.3%) in cephalosporin-resistant isolates of K. pneumoniae. There were no significant variations of bacterial resistance genes of antibiotics within the specimen groups. It was concluded that the bacterial resistance of the selected antibiotics was elevated markedly with the loss of the OmpK-36 gene with a high expression of MFS and MdtK genes and a slight minimal occurrence in the new generation of carbapenems. The best antimicrobial agent was ertapenem with a percentage of 0% of resistance in all bacterial isolates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T22:03:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c56451988de7463da38cfabcedb4e5c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0365-3439 2008-9872 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T22:03:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Razi Institute |
| spelling | doaj.art-c56451988de7463da38cfabcedb4e5c92022-12-22T02:28:02ZengRazi Vaccine and Serum Research InstituteArchives of Razi Institute0365-34392008-98722022-04-0177278579810.22092/ari.2022.356976.1952125746Prevalence of Efflux Pump and Porin-Related Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad, IraqE. A Muhsin0S Sajid Al-Jubori1L Abdulhemid Said2Ministry of Science and TechnologyBiology Department, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqBiology Department, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqKlebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic bacterium that causes many infections, including septicemia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and liver abscesses. There are many mechanisms for antibiotic resistance and K. pneumonia is considered a multidrug-resistant pathogen. This study aimed to find the correlation between the susceptibility of K. pneumonia to certain antibiotics with the porin-related resistance and pumps mechanisms. In total, two genes that are responsible for porin formation were considered in the current study: OmpK-35gene and OmpK-36 gene, in addition to other four genes (CfiaS, CfiaL, MFS, and MdtK genes) related to an efflux pump mechanism of antibiotic resistance. The bacterial resistance was investigated towards five cephalosporins (Cefazolin, Cefoxitin, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, and Cefepime) and two carbapenems (imipenem and ertapenem). Clinical samples, including blood, swabs, and urine, consisting of 20 specimens for each group, were collected from patients who attended three hospitals in Baghdad. The VITEK-2 system and genetic tests (polymerase chain reaction and sequencing) of bacterial isolates were applied to confirm the diagnosis of K. pneumoniae and detect the antibiotic sensitivity profile. The results showed that 51 (85%) and 15 (25%) of the total 60 isolates had positive results for OmpK-35 and Omp-K36 genes, respectively. The MFS and MdtK genes were observed (70-88.3%) in cephalosporin-resistant isolates of K. pneumoniae. There were no significant variations of bacterial resistance genes of antibiotics within the specimen groups. It was concluded that the bacterial resistance of the selected antibiotics was elevated markedly with the loss of the OmpK-36 gene with a high expression of MFS and MdtK genes and a slight minimal occurrence in the new generation of carbapenems. The best antimicrobial agent was ertapenem with a percentage of 0% of resistance in all bacterial isolates.https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125746_6a73793f10738b891bcdfc6177fea7a8.pdfcarbapenems resistancecephalosporinscfia genesmfs genesompsklebsiella pneumoniae |
| spellingShingle | E. A Muhsin S Sajid Al-Jubori L Abdulhemid Said Prevalence of Efflux Pump and Porin-Related Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad, Iraq Archives of Razi Institute carbapenems resistance cephalosporins cfia genes mfs genes omps klebsiella pneumoniae |
| title | Prevalence of Efflux Pump and Porin-Related Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad, Iraq |
| title_full | Prevalence of Efflux Pump and Porin-Related Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad, Iraq |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Efflux Pump and Porin-Related Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad, Iraq |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Efflux Pump and Porin-Related Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad, Iraq |
| title_short | Prevalence of Efflux Pump and Porin-Related Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae in Baghdad, Iraq |
| title_sort | prevalence of efflux pump and porin related antimicrobial resistance in clinical klebsiella pneumoniae in baghdad iraq |
| topic | carbapenems resistance cephalosporins cfia genes mfs genes omps klebsiella pneumoniae |
| url | https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125746_6a73793f10738b891bcdfc6177fea7a8.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT eamuhsin prevalenceofeffluxpumpandporinrelatedantimicrobialresistanceinclinicalklebsiellapneumoniaeinbaghdadiraq AT ssajidaljubori prevalenceofeffluxpumpandporinrelatedantimicrobialresistanceinclinicalklebsiellapneumoniaeinbaghdadiraq AT labdulhemidsaid prevalenceofeffluxpumpandporinrelatedantimicrobialresistanceinclinicalklebsiellapneumoniaeinbaghdadiraq |