All You Need Is Light. Photorepair of UV-Induced Pyrimidine Dimers
Although solar light is indispensable for the functioning of plants, this environmental factor may also cause damage to living cells. Apart from the visible range, including wavelengths used in photosynthesis, the ultraviolet (UV) light present in solar irradiation reaches the Earth’s surface. The h...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/11/1304 |
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| author | Agnieszka Katarzyna Banaś Piotr Zgłobicki Ewa Kowalska Aneta Bażant Dariusz Dziga Wojciech Strzałka |
| author_facet | Agnieszka Katarzyna Banaś Piotr Zgłobicki Ewa Kowalska Aneta Bażant Dariusz Dziga Wojciech Strzałka |
| author_sort | Agnieszka Katarzyna Banaś |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although solar light is indispensable for the functioning of plants, this environmental factor may also cause damage to living cells. Apart from the visible range, including wavelengths used in photosynthesis, the ultraviolet (UV) light present in solar irradiation reaches the Earth’s surface. The high energy of UV causes damage to many cellular components, with DNA as one of the targets. Putting together the puzzle-like elements responsible for the repair of UV-induced DNA damage is of special importance in understanding how plants ensure the stability of their genomes between generations. In this review, we have presented the information on DNA damage produced under UV with a special focus on the pyrimidine dimers formed between the neighboring pyrimidines in a DNA strand. These dimers are highly mutagenic and cytotoxic, thus their repair is essential for the maintenance of suitable genetic information. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, with the exception of placental mammals, this is achieved by means of highly efficient photorepair, dependent on blue/UVA light, which is performed by specialized enzymes known as photolyases. Photolyase properties, as well as their structure, specificity and action mechanism, have been briefly discussed in this paper. Additionally, the main gaps in our knowledge on the functioning of light repair in plant organelles, its regulation and its interaction between different DNA repair systems in plants have been highlighted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:06:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c568bded2cf74b7ab4906f0712c76b38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:06:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-c568bded2cf74b7ab4906f0712c76b382023-11-20T19:43:48ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-11-011111130410.3390/genes11111304All You Need Is Light. Photorepair of UV-Induced Pyrimidine DimersAgnieszka Katarzyna Banaś0Piotr Zgłobicki1Ewa Kowalska2Aneta Bażant3Dariusz Dziga4Wojciech Strzałka5Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, PolandAlthough solar light is indispensable for the functioning of plants, this environmental factor may also cause damage to living cells. Apart from the visible range, including wavelengths used in photosynthesis, the ultraviolet (UV) light present in solar irradiation reaches the Earth’s surface. The high energy of UV causes damage to many cellular components, with DNA as one of the targets. Putting together the puzzle-like elements responsible for the repair of UV-induced DNA damage is of special importance in understanding how plants ensure the stability of their genomes between generations. In this review, we have presented the information on DNA damage produced under UV with a special focus on the pyrimidine dimers formed between the neighboring pyrimidines in a DNA strand. These dimers are highly mutagenic and cytotoxic, thus their repair is essential for the maintenance of suitable genetic information. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, with the exception of placental mammals, this is achieved by means of highly efficient photorepair, dependent on blue/UVA light, which is performed by specialized enzymes known as photolyases. Photolyase properties, as well as their structure, specificity and action mechanism, have been briefly discussed in this paper. Additionally, the main gaps in our knowledge on the functioning of light repair in plant organelles, its regulation and its interaction between different DNA repair systems in plants have been highlighted.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/11/1304Cryptochrome-<i>Drosophila</i><i>Arabidopsis</i><i>Synechocystis</i>human proteins (CRY-DASH)cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD)DNA damage |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka Katarzyna Banaś Piotr Zgłobicki Ewa Kowalska Aneta Bażant Dariusz Dziga Wojciech Strzałka All You Need Is Light. Photorepair of UV-Induced Pyrimidine Dimers Genes Cryptochrome-<i>Drosophila</i> <i>Arabidopsis</i> <i>Synechocystis</i> human proteins (CRY-DASH) cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) DNA damage |
| title | All You Need Is Light. Photorepair of UV-Induced Pyrimidine Dimers |
| title_full | All You Need Is Light. Photorepair of UV-Induced Pyrimidine Dimers |
| title_fullStr | All You Need Is Light. Photorepair of UV-Induced Pyrimidine Dimers |
| title_full_unstemmed | All You Need Is Light. Photorepair of UV-Induced Pyrimidine Dimers |
| title_short | All You Need Is Light. Photorepair of UV-Induced Pyrimidine Dimers |
| title_sort | all you need is light photorepair of uv induced pyrimidine dimers |
| topic | Cryptochrome-<i>Drosophila</i> <i>Arabidopsis</i> <i>Synechocystis</i> human proteins (CRY-DASH) cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) DNA damage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/11/1304 |
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