Application of Bio-Derived Alternatives for the Assured Flow of Waxy Crude Oil: A Review
High molecular weight paraffin/wax precipitates in the solution of crude oil when the surrounding temperature falls below the wax appearance temperature, which causes the problem of wax deposition in pipelines. To enhance the rheology of the crude oil and lessen wax deposition, pour point depressant...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3652 |
| _version_ | 1797602712523636736 |
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| author | Ron Chuck Macola Gabayan Aliyu Adebayo Sulaimon Shiferaw Regassa Jufar |
| author_facet | Ron Chuck Macola Gabayan Aliyu Adebayo Sulaimon Shiferaw Regassa Jufar |
| author_sort | Ron Chuck Macola Gabayan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High molecular weight paraffin/wax precipitates in the solution of crude oil when the surrounding temperature falls below the wax appearance temperature, which causes the problem of wax deposition in pipelines. To enhance the rheology of the crude oil and lessen wax deposition, pour point depressants (PPDs) and flow enhancers were utilized. These substances change the wax crystals’ morphology, reducing crystal interlocking and preventing wax agglomeration from facilitating wax dispersion. However, recent research prompted a further investigation to improve the performance of conventional polymeric PPD and to address wax accumulation in a safe and environmentally responsible way. This is because of their poor performance at high shearing, expensive preparations, limited biodegradability, and toxicity. The primary objective of this study is to provide a thorough summary of current studies on the use of seed oil extracts rich in unsaturated fatty acids as an alternative for polymeric PPD. Important studies on the use of nanoparticles to improve the performance of conventional PPD, as well as strategies put into place to overcome issues with nanoparticle application, are also highlighted. Finally, an outlook of potential research ideas to develop pour point depressants is provided. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:20:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c56c4d7509f74e1f91e858efb3f45881 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:20:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-c56c4d7509f74e1f91e858efb3f458812023-11-17T22:49:56ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-04-01169365210.3390/en16093652Application of Bio-Derived Alternatives for the Assured Flow of Waxy Crude Oil: A ReviewRon Chuck Macola Gabayan0Aliyu Adebayo Sulaimon1Shiferaw Regassa Jufar2Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaDepartment of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaDepartment of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaHigh molecular weight paraffin/wax precipitates in the solution of crude oil when the surrounding temperature falls below the wax appearance temperature, which causes the problem of wax deposition in pipelines. To enhance the rheology of the crude oil and lessen wax deposition, pour point depressants (PPDs) and flow enhancers were utilized. These substances change the wax crystals’ morphology, reducing crystal interlocking and preventing wax agglomeration from facilitating wax dispersion. However, recent research prompted a further investigation to improve the performance of conventional polymeric PPD and to address wax accumulation in a safe and environmentally responsible way. This is because of their poor performance at high shearing, expensive preparations, limited biodegradability, and toxicity. The primary objective of this study is to provide a thorough summary of current studies on the use of seed oil extracts rich in unsaturated fatty acids as an alternative for polymeric PPD. Important studies on the use of nanoparticles to improve the performance of conventional PPD, as well as strategies put into place to overcome issues with nanoparticle application, are also highlighted. Finally, an outlook of potential research ideas to develop pour point depressants is provided.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3652flow improverpour pointwax depositionnanoparticlewaxy crude |
| spellingShingle | Ron Chuck Macola Gabayan Aliyu Adebayo Sulaimon Shiferaw Regassa Jufar Application of Bio-Derived Alternatives for the Assured Flow of Waxy Crude Oil: A Review Energies flow improver pour point wax deposition nanoparticle waxy crude |
| title | Application of Bio-Derived Alternatives for the Assured Flow of Waxy Crude Oil: A Review |
| title_full | Application of Bio-Derived Alternatives for the Assured Flow of Waxy Crude Oil: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Application of Bio-Derived Alternatives for the Assured Flow of Waxy Crude Oil: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Bio-Derived Alternatives for the Assured Flow of Waxy Crude Oil: A Review |
| title_short | Application of Bio-Derived Alternatives for the Assured Flow of Waxy Crude Oil: A Review |
| title_sort | application of bio derived alternatives for the assured flow of waxy crude oil a review |
| topic | flow improver pour point wax deposition nanoparticle waxy crude |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3652 |
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