Standardized Biomechanical Investigation of Posture and Gait in Pisa Syndrome Disease
Pisa syndrome is one of the possible postural deformities associated with Parkinson’s disease and it is clinically defined as a sustained lateral bending of the trunk. Some previous studies proposed clinical and biomechanical investigation to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms that occur,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Symmetry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/12/2237 |
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| author | Elisa Panero Ugo Dimanico Carlo Alberto Artusi Laura Gastaldi |
| author_facet | Elisa Panero Ugo Dimanico Carlo Alberto Artusi Laura Gastaldi |
| author_sort | Elisa Panero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pisa syndrome is one of the possible postural deformities associated with Parkinson’s disease and it is clinically defined as a sustained lateral bending of the trunk. Some previous studies proposed clinical and biomechanical investigation to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms that occur, mainly focusing on EMG patterns and clinics. The current research deals with the assessment of a standardized biomechanical analysis to investigate the Pisa syndrome postural effects. Eight patients participated in the experimental test. Both static posture and gait trials were performed. An optoelectronic system and two force plates were used for data acquisition, while a custom multi-segments kinematic model of the human spine was used to evaluate the 3D angles. All subjects showed an important flexion of the trunk superior segment with respect to the inferior one, with a strong variability among patients (range values between 4.3° and 41.0°). Kinematics, ground reaction forces and spatio-temporal parameters are influenced by the asymmetrical trunk posture. Moreover, different proprioception, compensation and abilities of correction were depicted among subjects. Considering the forces exchanged by the feet with the floor during standing, results highlighted a significant asymmetry (<i>p</i>-value = 0.02) between the omo and contralateral side in a normal static posture, with greater load distribution on the same side of lateral deviation. When asked to self-correct the posture, all patients demonstrated a reduction of asymmetry, but without stressing any statistical significance. All these aspects might be crucial for the definition of a PS patients’ classification and for the assessment of the efficacy of treatments and rehabilitation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:01:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5845aae659d483cb7e58849d30e111b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-8994 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:01:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Symmetry |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5845aae659d483cb7e58849d30e111b2023-11-23T10:44:08ZengMDPI AGSymmetry2073-89942021-11-011312223710.3390/sym13122237Standardized Biomechanical Investigation of Posture and Gait in Pisa Syndrome DiseaseElisa Panero0Ugo Dimanico1Carlo Alberto Artusi2Laura Gastaldi3Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, ItalyPisa syndrome is one of the possible postural deformities associated with Parkinson’s disease and it is clinically defined as a sustained lateral bending of the trunk. Some previous studies proposed clinical and biomechanical investigation to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms that occur, mainly focusing on EMG patterns and clinics. The current research deals with the assessment of a standardized biomechanical analysis to investigate the Pisa syndrome postural effects. Eight patients participated in the experimental test. Both static posture and gait trials were performed. An optoelectronic system and two force plates were used for data acquisition, while a custom multi-segments kinematic model of the human spine was used to evaluate the 3D angles. All subjects showed an important flexion of the trunk superior segment with respect to the inferior one, with a strong variability among patients (range values between 4.3° and 41.0°). Kinematics, ground reaction forces and spatio-temporal parameters are influenced by the asymmetrical trunk posture. Moreover, different proprioception, compensation and abilities of correction were depicted among subjects. Considering the forces exchanged by the feet with the floor during standing, results highlighted a significant asymmetry (<i>p</i>-value = 0.02) between the omo and contralateral side in a normal static posture, with greater load distribution on the same side of lateral deviation. When asked to self-correct the posture, all patients demonstrated a reduction of asymmetry, but without stressing any statistical significance. All these aspects might be crucial for the definition of a PS patients’ classification and for the assessment of the efficacy of treatments and rehabilitation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/12/2237standing posturegait analysismulti-segment spine model3D kinematicsspatio-temporal parametersParkinson’s disease |
| spellingShingle | Elisa Panero Ugo Dimanico Carlo Alberto Artusi Laura Gastaldi Standardized Biomechanical Investigation of Posture and Gait in Pisa Syndrome Disease Symmetry standing posture gait analysis multi-segment spine model 3D kinematics spatio-temporal parameters Parkinson’s disease |
| title | Standardized Biomechanical Investigation of Posture and Gait in Pisa Syndrome Disease |
| title_full | Standardized Biomechanical Investigation of Posture and Gait in Pisa Syndrome Disease |
| title_fullStr | Standardized Biomechanical Investigation of Posture and Gait in Pisa Syndrome Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Standardized Biomechanical Investigation of Posture and Gait in Pisa Syndrome Disease |
| title_short | Standardized Biomechanical Investigation of Posture and Gait in Pisa Syndrome Disease |
| title_sort | standardized biomechanical investigation of posture and gait in pisa syndrome disease |
| topic | standing posture gait analysis multi-segment spine model 3D kinematics spatio-temporal parameters Parkinson’s disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/12/2237 |
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