How does Dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology care
Dirofilaria immitis is a nematode that can cause a disease that may present clinical signs from severe to absent. When dogs are symptomatic, the clinical signs are cardiorespiratory and nonspecific, which may be misleading. This study aimed to demonstrate the clinical presentations to cardiac care b...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://bjvm.org.br/BJVM/article/view/1259 |
| _version_ | 1797831842530852864 |
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| author | Nathália Marques De Oliveira Lemos Bruno Alberigi Norma Labarthe Fabiana Batalha Knacfuss Cristiane Divan Baldani Marta Fernanda Albuquerque da Silva |
| author_facet | Nathália Marques De Oliveira Lemos Bruno Alberigi Norma Labarthe Fabiana Batalha Knacfuss Cristiane Divan Baldani Marta Fernanda Albuquerque da Silva |
| author_sort | Nathália Marques De Oliveira Lemos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dirofilaria immitis is a nematode that can cause a disease that may present clinical signs from severe to absent. When dogs are symptomatic, the clinical signs are cardiorespiratory and nonspecific, which may be misleading. This study aimed to demonstrate the clinical presentations to cardiac care by evaluating 26 dogs subjected to clinical examination, complete blood count (CBC), specific tests for D. immitis infection, chest radiography, and echocardiography. Among them, 11 (42.3%) dogs were infected and 15 (57.7%) were non-infected. Most dogs presented with coughing (65.4%) and abnormal lung sounds (81%) independent of infection. Murmur at the tricuspid focus was present in 26.9% of the dogs, of which 57.1% were infected. Echocardiography revealed tricuspid regurgitation in 30.8% of the dogs and pulmonary regurgitation in 46.1%, of which 37.5% and 50% were infected, respectively. Worms were detected by echocardiography in 45.5% of the infected dogs. The x-rays showed that the bronchial pattern was present in 45.5% of the infected dogs and in 46.7% of the non-infected dogs. The interstitial pattern was present in 18.2% of the infected animals, in contrast to 6.7% of the non-infected dogs. The CBC results for all dogs were within the reference range, except for platelets. Although similar, the percentage of dogs with thrombocytopenia was higher among infected dogs (36.4%) than among the non-infected (6.7%). These results reinforce that due to the non-specific signs of infection, it is mandatory to perform parasitological assays when evaluating dogs presenting with cardiopulmonary signs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:58:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5940a9796104e48934d89df4141d9cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0100-2430 2527-2179 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:58:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5940a9796104e48934d89df4141d9cc2023-05-07T12:41:28ZengSociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de JaneiroBrazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine0100-24302527-21792022-09-0144e002622e00262210.29374/2527-2179.bjvm0026221147How does Dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology careNathália Marques De Oliveira Lemos0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1767-7507Bruno Alberigi1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5707-2203Norma Labarthe2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0928-9018Fabiana Batalha Knacfuss3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4560-1339Cristiane Divan Baldani4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4627-1362Marta Fernanda Albuquerque da Silva5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5651-3855Veterinarian, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária (DMCV), Instituto de Veterinária (IV), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), campus Seropédica, RJ, Brazil Veterinarian, DSc., DMCV, IV, UFRRJ, campus Seropédica, RJ, BrazilVeterinarian, DSc., Programa de Pós-graduação Bioética, Ética e Saúde Coletiva, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Veterinarian, DSc. Universidade do Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Veterinarian, DSc., DMCV, IV, UFRRJ, campus Seropédica, RJ, BrazilVeterinarian, DSc., DMCV, IV, UFRRJ, campus Seropédica, RJ, BrazilDirofilaria immitis is a nematode that can cause a disease that may present clinical signs from severe to absent. When dogs are symptomatic, the clinical signs are cardiorespiratory and nonspecific, which may be misleading. This study aimed to demonstrate the clinical presentations to cardiac care by evaluating 26 dogs subjected to clinical examination, complete blood count (CBC), specific tests for D. immitis infection, chest radiography, and echocardiography. Among them, 11 (42.3%) dogs were infected and 15 (57.7%) were non-infected. Most dogs presented with coughing (65.4%) and abnormal lung sounds (81%) independent of infection. Murmur at the tricuspid focus was present in 26.9% of the dogs, of which 57.1% were infected. Echocardiography revealed tricuspid regurgitation in 30.8% of the dogs and pulmonary regurgitation in 46.1%, of which 37.5% and 50% were infected, respectively. Worms were detected by echocardiography in 45.5% of the infected dogs. The x-rays showed that the bronchial pattern was present in 45.5% of the infected dogs and in 46.7% of the non-infected dogs. The interstitial pattern was present in 18.2% of the infected animals, in contrast to 6.7% of the non-infected dogs. The CBC results for all dogs were within the reference range, except for platelets. Although similar, the percentage of dogs with thrombocytopenia was higher among infected dogs (36.4%) than among the non-infected (6.7%). These results reinforce that due to the non-specific signs of infection, it is mandatory to perform parasitological assays when evaluating dogs presenting with cardiopulmonary signs.https://bjvm.org.br/BJVM/article/view/1259canine heartworm, clinical signs, dogs, cough. |
| spellingShingle | Nathália Marques De Oliveira Lemos Bruno Alberigi Norma Labarthe Fabiana Batalha Knacfuss Cristiane Divan Baldani Marta Fernanda Albuquerque da Silva How does Dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology care Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine canine heartworm, clinical signs, dogs, cough. |
| title | How does Dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology care |
| title_full | How does Dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology care |
| title_fullStr | How does Dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology care |
| title_full_unstemmed | How does Dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology care |
| title_short | How does Dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology care |
| title_sort | how does dirofilaria immitis infection impact the health of dogs referred to cardiology care |
| topic | canine heartworm, clinical signs, dogs, cough. |
| url | https://bjvm.org.br/BJVM/article/view/1259 |
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