A Novel Assay Reveals a Maturation Process during Ascospore Wall Formation
The ascospore wall of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of inner layers of similar composition to the vegetative cell wall and outer layers made of spore-specific components that confer increased stress resistance on the spore. The primary constituents of the outer spore wall are c...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/3/4/54 |
| _version_ | 1811271986700091392 |
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| author | Kai Zhang Leor Needleman Sai Zhou Aaron M. Neiman |
| author_facet | Kai Zhang Leor Needleman Sai Zhou Aaron M. Neiman |
| author_sort | Kai Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ascospore wall of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of inner layers of similar composition to the vegetative cell wall and outer layers made of spore-specific components that confer increased stress resistance on the spore. The primary constituents of the outer spore wall are chitosan, dityrosine, and a third component termed Chi that has been identified by spectrometry but whose chemical structure is not known. The lipophilic dye monodansylpentane readily stains lipid droplets inside of newly formed ascospores but, over the course of several days, the spores become impermeable to the dye. The generation of this permeability barrier requires the chitosan layer, but not dityrosine layer, of the spore wall. Screening of a set of mutants with different outer spore wall defects reveals that impermeability to the dye requires not just the presence of chitosan, but another factor as well, possibly Chi, and suggests that the OSW2 gene product is required for synthesis of this factor. Testing of mutants that block synthesis of specific aromatic amino acids indicates that de novo synthesis of tyrosine contributes not only to formation of the dityrosine layer but to impermeability of the wall as well, suggesting a second role for aromatic amino acids in spore wall synthesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:30:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c59574078c024cefae98cba53fdbb830 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:30:52Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-c59574078c024cefae98cba53fdbb8302022-12-22T03:13:58ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2017-10-01345410.3390/jof3040054jof3040054A Novel Assay Reveals a Maturation Process during Ascospore Wall FormationKai Zhang0Leor Needleman1Sai Zhou2Aaron M. Neiman3Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, USAThe ascospore wall of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of inner layers of similar composition to the vegetative cell wall and outer layers made of spore-specific components that confer increased stress resistance on the spore. The primary constituents of the outer spore wall are chitosan, dityrosine, and a third component termed Chi that has been identified by spectrometry but whose chemical structure is not known. The lipophilic dye monodansylpentane readily stains lipid droplets inside of newly formed ascospores but, over the course of several days, the spores become impermeable to the dye. The generation of this permeability barrier requires the chitosan layer, but not dityrosine layer, of the spore wall. Screening of a set of mutants with different outer spore wall defects reveals that impermeability to the dye requires not just the presence of chitosan, but another factor as well, possibly Chi, and suggests that the OSW2 gene product is required for synthesis of this factor. Testing of mutants that block synthesis of specific aromatic amino acids indicates that de novo synthesis of tyrosine contributes not only to formation of the dityrosine layer but to impermeability of the wall as well, suggesting a second role for aromatic amino acids in spore wall synthesis.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/3/4/54ascosporespore walldityrosinechitosantyrosinesporulation |
| spellingShingle | Kai Zhang Leor Needleman Sai Zhou Aaron M. Neiman A Novel Assay Reveals a Maturation Process during Ascospore Wall Formation Journal of Fungi ascospore spore wall dityrosine chitosan tyrosine sporulation |
| title | A Novel Assay Reveals a Maturation Process during Ascospore Wall Formation |
| title_full | A Novel Assay Reveals a Maturation Process during Ascospore Wall Formation |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Assay Reveals a Maturation Process during Ascospore Wall Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Assay Reveals a Maturation Process during Ascospore Wall Formation |
| title_short | A Novel Assay Reveals a Maturation Process during Ascospore Wall Formation |
| title_sort | novel assay reveals a maturation process during ascospore wall formation |
| topic | ascospore spore wall dityrosine chitosan tyrosine sporulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/3/4/54 |
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