Qualitative Phytochemical Fingerprint and Network Pharmacology Investigation of <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. Extracts
<i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. (Amaranthaceae), commonly known as the Prickly Chaff flower, is used as herbal medicine in the Ivorian’s culture, Africa. Nonetheless, there is currently a paucity of scientific information on <i>A. aspera</i> from the Ivory Coast. Herein, the...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/8/1973 |
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| author | Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan Gokhan Zengin Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova Ouattara Katinan Etienne Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally Abdelhakim Bouyahya Devina Lobine Annalisa Chiavaroli Claudio Ferrante Luigi Menghini Lucia Recinella Luigi Brunetti Sheila Leone Giustino Orlando |
| author_facet | Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan Gokhan Zengin Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova Ouattara Katinan Etienne Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally Abdelhakim Bouyahya Devina Lobine Annalisa Chiavaroli Claudio Ferrante Luigi Menghini Lucia Recinella Luigi Brunetti Sheila Leone Giustino Orlando |
| author_sort | Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. (Amaranthaceae), commonly known as the Prickly Chaff flower, is used as herbal medicine in the Ivorian’s culture, Africa. Nonetheless, there is currently a paucity of scientific information on <i>A. aspera</i> from the Ivory Coast. Herein, the antioxidant activity of <i>A. aspera</i> extracts (methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and infusion) as well as the enzymatic inhibitory potentials towards key enzymes in human diseases, namely Alzheimer’s disease, (cholinesterases: AchE and BChE), type 2 diabetes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) and hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase) were assessed. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content was determined using colorimetric methods and the individual compounds were characterized using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Furthermore, a network pharmacology analysis was conducted to predict putative targets of identified phenolic compounds. The highest TPC was observed in the infused extract (28.86 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g), while the dichloromethane extract (38.48 ± 1.48 mg RE/g) showed the highest level of TFC. UHPLC-HRMS analysis has revealed an abundance of fatty acids, flavonoids, phenols and acylquinic acids. Among tested extracts, the infused extract displayed the highest free radical quenching, reducing and metal-chelating ability. The extracts (except infusion) were effective as enzyme inhibitors against AChE, while only methanolic and infused extracts showed noteworthy anti-BChE effects. The methanolic extract showed a remarkable antityrosinase effect (56.24 ± 5.05 mg KAE/g), as well. Modest to moderate inhibitory activity was observed against α-amylase (all extracts) and α-glucosidase (only dichloromethane extract). Finally, the network pharmacology analysis suggested the carbonic anhydrase II enzyme as a putative target for explaining, at least in part, the traditional use of <i>A. aspera</i> preparations as diuretic and blood clotting agent. Data amassed herein tend to validate the use of <i>A. aspera</i> in traditional medicine, as well as act as a stepping stone for further studies in the quest for novel phytopharmaceuticals. In this context, it is desirable that this study will contribute to the validation of the traditional uses of this plant in the African herbal medicine, and to the valorization of the whole chain production of <i>A. aspera</i>, as a local and sustainable botanical resource. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:17:42Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:17:42Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-c59d14d23c8041659a150ed9f9b5d78f2023-11-19T22:29:03ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-04-01258197310.3390/molecules25081973Qualitative Phytochemical Fingerprint and Network Pharmacology Investigation of <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. ExtractsKouadio Ibrahime Sinan0Gokhan Zengin1Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova2Ouattara Katinan Etienne3Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally4Abdelhakim Bouyahya5Devina Lobine6Annalisa Chiavaroli7Claudio Ferrante8Luigi Menghini9Lucia Recinella10Luigi Brunetti11Sheila Leone12Giustino Orlando13Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, 42130 Konya, TurkeyDepartment of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, 42130 Konya, TurkeyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1431 Sofia, BulgariaLaboratoire de Botanique, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan 01, Cote d’IvoireInstitute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, VietnamLaboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, MoroccoDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, MauritiusDepartment of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy<i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. (Amaranthaceae), commonly known as the Prickly Chaff flower, is used as herbal medicine in the Ivorian’s culture, Africa. Nonetheless, there is currently a paucity of scientific information on <i>A. aspera</i> from the Ivory Coast. Herein, the antioxidant activity of <i>A. aspera</i> extracts (methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and infusion) as well as the enzymatic inhibitory potentials towards key enzymes in human diseases, namely Alzheimer’s disease, (cholinesterases: AchE and BChE), type 2 diabetes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) and hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase) were assessed. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content was determined using colorimetric methods and the individual compounds were characterized using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Furthermore, a network pharmacology analysis was conducted to predict putative targets of identified phenolic compounds. The highest TPC was observed in the infused extract (28.86 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g), while the dichloromethane extract (38.48 ± 1.48 mg RE/g) showed the highest level of TFC. UHPLC-HRMS analysis has revealed an abundance of fatty acids, flavonoids, phenols and acylquinic acids. Among tested extracts, the infused extract displayed the highest free radical quenching, reducing and metal-chelating ability. The extracts (except infusion) were effective as enzyme inhibitors against AChE, while only methanolic and infused extracts showed noteworthy anti-BChE effects. The methanolic extract showed a remarkable antityrosinase effect (56.24 ± 5.05 mg KAE/g), as well. Modest to moderate inhibitory activity was observed against α-amylase (all extracts) and α-glucosidase (only dichloromethane extract). Finally, the network pharmacology analysis suggested the carbonic anhydrase II enzyme as a putative target for explaining, at least in part, the traditional use of <i>A. aspera</i> preparations as diuretic and blood clotting agent. Data amassed herein tend to validate the use of <i>A. aspera</i> in traditional medicine, as well as act as a stepping stone for further studies in the quest for novel phytopharmaceuticals. In this context, it is desirable that this study will contribute to the validation of the traditional uses of this plant in the African herbal medicine, and to the valorization of the whole chain production of <i>A. aspera</i>, as a local and sustainable botanical resource.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/8/1973<i>Achyranthes aspera</i>antioxidantfatty acidsenzyme inhibitionphytopharmaceuticsnetwork pharmacology |
| spellingShingle | Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan Gokhan Zengin Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova Ouattara Katinan Etienne Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally Abdelhakim Bouyahya Devina Lobine Annalisa Chiavaroli Claudio Ferrante Luigi Menghini Lucia Recinella Luigi Brunetti Sheila Leone Giustino Orlando Qualitative Phytochemical Fingerprint and Network Pharmacology Investigation of <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. Extracts Molecules <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> antioxidant fatty acids enzyme inhibition phytopharmaceutics network pharmacology |
| title | Qualitative Phytochemical Fingerprint and Network Pharmacology Investigation of <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. Extracts |
| title_full | Qualitative Phytochemical Fingerprint and Network Pharmacology Investigation of <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. Extracts |
| title_fullStr | Qualitative Phytochemical Fingerprint and Network Pharmacology Investigation of <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. Extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Qualitative Phytochemical Fingerprint and Network Pharmacology Investigation of <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. Extracts |
| title_short | Qualitative Phytochemical Fingerprint and Network Pharmacology Investigation of <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> Linn. Extracts |
| title_sort | qualitative phytochemical fingerprint and network pharmacology investigation of i achyranthes aspera i linn extracts |
| topic | <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> antioxidant fatty acids enzyme inhibition phytopharmaceutics network pharmacology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/8/1973 |
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