Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Estrogens and androgens have extensive effects on the immune system, for example they suppress both T and B lymphopoiesis in thymus and bone marrow. Submandibular glands are sexually dimorphic in rodents, resulting in larger granular...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2005-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Immunology |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2172/6/16 |
| _version_ | 1818532325276778496 |
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| author | Gustafsson Jan-Åke Lindberg Marie Skrtic Sofia Jochems Caroline Erlandsson Malin C Hasséus Bengt Islander Ulrika Ohlsson Claes Carlsten Hans |
| author_facet | Gustafsson Jan-Åke Lindberg Marie Skrtic Sofia Jochems Caroline Erlandsson Malin C Hasséus Bengt Islander Ulrika Ohlsson Claes Carlsten Hans |
| author_sort | Gustafsson Jan-Åke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Estrogens and androgens have extensive effects on the immune system, for example they suppress both T and B lymphopoiesis in thymus and bone marrow. Submandibular glands are sexually dimorphic in rodents, resulting in larger granular convoluted tubules in males compared to females. The aim of the present experiments was to investigate the estrogenic and androgenic effects of 4-estren-3α,17β-diol (estren) on thymus, bone marrow and submandibular glands, and compare the effects to those of 17β-estradiol (E2) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), respectively. Estrogen receptors (ERs) were blocked by treatment of mice with the ER-antagonist ICI 182,780; also, knock-out mice lacking one or both ERs were used.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>As expected, the presence of functional ERs was mandatory for all the effects of E2. Similar to DHT-treatment, estren-treatment resulted in decreased thymus weight, as well as decreased frequency of bone marrow B cells. Treatment with estren or DHT also resulted in a shift in submandibular glands towards an androgen phenotype. All the effects of estren and DHT were independent of ERs.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our study is the first to show that estren has similar effects as the androgen DHT on lymphopoiesis in thymus and bone marrow, and on submandibular glands, and that these effects are independent of estrogen receptors. This supports the hypothesis of estren being able to signal through the androgen receptor.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:44:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5b80f30158e4f5cad3fbb7f59b18578 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2172 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:44:01Z |
| publishDate | 2005-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5b80f30158e4f5cad3fbb7f59b185782022-12-22T00:56:27ZengBMCBMC Immunology1471-21722005-07-01611610.1186/1471-2172-6-16Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glandsGustafsson Jan-ÅkeLindberg MarieSkrtic SofiaJochems CarolineErlandsson Malin CHasséus BengtIslander UlrikaOhlsson ClaesCarlsten Hans<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Estrogens and androgens have extensive effects on the immune system, for example they suppress both T and B lymphopoiesis in thymus and bone marrow. Submandibular glands are sexually dimorphic in rodents, resulting in larger granular convoluted tubules in males compared to females. The aim of the present experiments was to investigate the estrogenic and androgenic effects of 4-estren-3α,17β-diol (estren) on thymus, bone marrow and submandibular glands, and compare the effects to those of 17β-estradiol (E2) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), respectively. Estrogen receptors (ERs) were blocked by treatment of mice with the ER-antagonist ICI 182,780; also, knock-out mice lacking one or both ERs were used.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>As expected, the presence of functional ERs was mandatory for all the effects of E2. Similar to DHT-treatment, estren-treatment resulted in decreased thymus weight, as well as decreased frequency of bone marrow B cells. Treatment with estren or DHT also resulted in a shift in submandibular glands towards an androgen phenotype. All the effects of estren and DHT were independent of ERs.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our study is the first to show that estren has similar effects as the androgen DHT on lymphopoiesis in thymus and bone marrow, and on submandibular glands, and that these effects are independent of estrogen receptors. This supports the hypothesis of estren being able to signal through the androgen receptor.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2172/6/16 |
| spellingShingle | Gustafsson Jan-Åke Lindberg Marie Skrtic Sofia Jochems Caroline Erlandsson Malin C Hasséus Bengt Islander Ulrika Ohlsson Claes Carlsten Hans Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands BMC Immunology |
| title | Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands |
| title_full | Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands |
| title_fullStr | Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands |
| title_short | Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands |
| title_sort | estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2172/6/16 |
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