Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions
A reversible amine-carbamate approach has been developed to reduce the use of antisolvents such as water in the coagulation of biopolymers from ionic liquid (IL) solution and thus improve the economy of IL recycle. Cellulose and chitin were recovered from 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim]...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Green Chemical Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266695282100039X |
| _version_ | 1797976405099675648 |
|---|---|
| author | Julia L. Shamshina Ying Qin Ken Belmore Daniel T. Daly Robin D. Rogers |
| author_facet | Julia L. Shamshina Ying Qin Ken Belmore Daniel T. Daly Robin D. Rogers |
| author_sort | Julia L. Shamshina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A reversible amine-carbamate approach has been developed to reduce the use of antisolvents such as water in the coagulation of biopolymers from ionic liquid (IL) solution and thus improve the economy of IL recycle. Cellulose and chitin were recovered from 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]) solution by introducing the miscible amines triethanolamine (TEA), ethylenediamine (EDA), or butylamine (BA) and bubbling CO2 at 40 °C and atmospheric pressure through the solutions to form carbamate salts in situ which resulted in biopolymer coagulation. BA gave the best results because of its low boiling point and low viscosity, which benefited both biopolymer recovery and IL recycle. Cellulose films and fibers could be formed by extrusion of an MCC/[C2mim]‐[OAc] solution into a coagulating bath comprised of a 1:1 M mixture of [C2mim][OAc] and butylammonium butylcarbamate (BA-carbamate). The cellulose, IL, amine, and CO2 were easily separated, although the cellulose recovered required some water washings to remove traces of IL. Up to 96.4% of the [C2mim][OAc] could be recovered, 76.2% from the coagulation bath and 20.2% from the water washings. The recycled IL was suitable for another cycle of cellulose dissolution and extrusion and 84.6% of the IL used for the second cycle was recovered. Although further work is needed, not the least of which will be reducing the amount of water needed for washing steps, some promising features of this process point the way for new directions for more economically viable IL recycling processes in biomass treatment with ILs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:50:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5ca404660aa466aa55e585a573b9200 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-9528 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:50:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Green Chemical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5ca404660aa466aa55e585a573b92002022-12-27T04:39:53ZengKeAi Communications Co. Ltd.Green Chemical Engineering2666-95282021-12-0124384391Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutionsJulia L. Shamshina0Ying Qin1Ken Belmore2Daniel T. Daly3Robin D. Rogers4Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA; Corresponding authors.Alabama Institute for Manufacturing Excellence, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USAAlabama Institute for Manufacturing Excellence, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USACollege of Arts & Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA; 525 Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 2206, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35403, USA; Corresponding authors.A reversible amine-carbamate approach has been developed to reduce the use of antisolvents such as water in the coagulation of biopolymers from ionic liquid (IL) solution and thus improve the economy of IL recycle. Cellulose and chitin were recovered from 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]) solution by introducing the miscible amines triethanolamine (TEA), ethylenediamine (EDA), or butylamine (BA) and bubbling CO2 at 40 °C and atmospheric pressure through the solutions to form carbamate salts in situ which resulted in biopolymer coagulation. BA gave the best results because of its low boiling point and low viscosity, which benefited both biopolymer recovery and IL recycle. Cellulose films and fibers could be formed by extrusion of an MCC/[C2mim]‐[OAc] solution into a coagulating bath comprised of a 1:1 M mixture of [C2mim][OAc] and butylammonium butylcarbamate (BA-carbamate). The cellulose, IL, amine, and CO2 were easily separated, although the cellulose recovered required some water washings to remove traces of IL. Up to 96.4% of the [C2mim][OAc] could be recovered, 76.2% from the coagulation bath and 20.2% from the water washings. The recycled IL was suitable for another cycle of cellulose dissolution and extrusion and 84.6% of the IL used for the second cycle was recovered. Although further work is needed, not the least of which will be reducing the amount of water needed for washing steps, some promising features of this process point the way for new directions for more economically viable IL recycling processes in biomass treatment with ILs.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266695282100039XCarbamateIonic liquidRecoverySwitchableCoagulationBiopolymers |
| spellingShingle | Julia L. Shamshina Ying Qin Ken Belmore Daniel T. Daly Robin D. Rogers Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions Green Chemical Engineering Carbamate Ionic liquid Recovery Switchable Coagulation Biopolymers |
| title | Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions |
| title_full | Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions |
| title_fullStr | Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions |
| title_short | Switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions |
| title_sort | switchable carbamate coagulants to improve recycling ionic liquid from biomass solutions |
| topic | Carbamate Ionic liquid Recovery Switchable Coagulation Biopolymers |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266695282100039X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT julialshamshina switchablecarbamatecoagulantstoimproverecyclingionicliquidfrombiomasssolutions AT yingqin switchablecarbamatecoagulantstoimproverecyclingionicliquidfrombiomasssolutions AT kenbelmore switchablecarbamatecoagulantstoimproverecyclingionicliquidfrombiomasssolutions AT danieltdaly switchablecarbamatecoagulantstoimproverecyclingionicliquidfrombiomasssolutions AT robindrogers switchablecarbamatecoagulantstoimproverecyclingionicliquidfrombiomasssolutions |