Microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges Lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphs
Endemic sponges (Demosponges, Lubomirskiidae) dominate the fauna of the littoral zone of Lake Baikal. These freshwater sponges live in symbiosis with diverse eukaryotes and prokaryotes, including chlorophyll-containing microalgae. Within the last 5 years, the incidence of sponge disease and mortalit...
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| Format: | Article |
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PeerJ Inc.
2020-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/9080.pdf |
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| author | Lubov Chernogor Elizaveta Klimenko Igor Khanaev Sergei Belikov |
| author_facet | Lubov Chernogor Elizaveta Klimenko Igor Khanaev Sergei Belikov |
| author_sort | Lubov Chernogor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Endemic sponges (Demosponges, Lubomirskiidae) dominate the fauna of the littoral zone of Lake Baikal. These freshwater sponges live in symbiosis with diverse eukaryotes and prokaryotes, including chlorophyll-containing microalgae. Within the last 5 years, the incidence of sponge disease and mortality events in Lake Baikal has increased. The etiology and ecology of these events remain unknown, in part because of the lack of models to study sponge-microbe interactions. In this work, we tested the use of primmorph cell cultures of Lubomirskia baicalensis as a tool for investigating the microbiomes of sponges. We infected primmorphs, cultured in vitro, with samples from diseased sponges and observed, by microscopy, disease symptoms, including loss of green symbionts, associated with mass die-off events. Subsequent sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments revealed that the microbiome community of healthy sponge and primmorphs formed a group separate from the community of diseased sponges and infected primmorphs. This confirms the suitability of the primmorph cell culture as a model sponge system. We also discovered mass mortality of green symbionts (Chlorophyta) was associated with a shift in the microbial communities of sponges/primmorphs. Microbes in diseased sponges, and infected primmorphs, belonged mainly to the phyla Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and these families Flavobacteriaceae, Burkholderiaceae, and Moraxellaceae. Primmorphs cell culture may provide a model to study interactions between these bacteria and their host and elucidate the cause of mass mortality events. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:32:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5d5f8b960ba47b897dbf2fe3044d0f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:32:22Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c5d5f8b960ba47b897dbf2fe3044d0f32023-12-03T11:04:23ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592020-05-018e908010.7717/peerj.9080Microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges Lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphsLubov Chernogor0Elizaveta Klimenko1Igor Khanaev2Sergei Belikov3Limnological Institute of the SB RAS, Irkutsk, RussiaLimnological Institute of the SB RAS, Irkutsk, RussiaLimnological Institute of the SB RAS, Irkutsk, RussiaLimnological Institute of the SB RAS, Irkutsk, RussiaEndemic sponges (Demosponges, Lubomirskiidae) dominate the fauna of the littoral zone of Lake Baikal. These freshwater sponges live in symbiosis with diverse eukaryotes and prokaryotes, including chlorophyll-containing microalgae. Within the last 5 years, the incidence of sponge disease and mortality events in Lake Baikal has increased. The etiology and ecology of these events remain unknown, in part because of the lack of models to study sponge-microbe interactions. In this work, we tested the use of primmorph cell cultures of Lubomirskia baicalensis as a tool for investigating the microbiomes of sponges. We infected primmorphs, cultured in vitro, with samples from diseased sponges and observed, by microscopy, disease symptoms, including loss of green symbionts, associated with mass die-off events. Subsequent sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments revealed that the microbiome community of healthy sponge and primmorphs formed a group separate from the community of diseased sponges and infected primmorphs. This confirms the suitability of the primmorph cell culture as a model sponge system. We also discovered mass mortality of green symbionts (Chlorophyta) was associated with a shift in the microbial communities of sponges/primmorphs. Microbes in diseased sponges, and infected primmorphs, belonged mainly to the phyla Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and these families Flavobacteriaceae, Burkholderiaceae, and Moraxellaceae. Primmorphs cell culture may provide a model to study interactions between these bacteria and their host and elucidate the cause of mass mortality events.https://peerj.com/articles/9080.pdfLubomirskia baikcalensisPrimmorphsSymbiontsOpportunistic pathogen |
| spellingShingle | Lubov Chernogor Elizaveta Klimenko Igor Khanaev Sergei Belikov Microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges Lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphs PeerJ Lubomirskia baikcalensis Primmorphs Symbionts Opportunistic pathogen |
| title | Microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges Lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphs |
| title_full | Microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges Lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphs |
| title_fullStr | Microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges Lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges Lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphs |
| title_short | Microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges Lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphs |
| title_sort | microbiome analysis of healthy and diseased sponges lubomirskia baicalensis by using cell cultures of primmorphs |
| topic | Lubomirskia baikcalensis Primmorphs Symbionts Opportunistic pathogen |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/9080.pdf |
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