Unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurements
Low light extraction efficiency (LEE) is the greatest limiting factor for the brightness of reduced-size light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as it limits their emission intensity. In addition, LEDs have a Lambertian emission, which requires secondary optics to control the emission directionality. Plasmonic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | JPhys Photonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7647/acc7e6 |
| _version_ | 1827965018974453760 |
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| author | Mohamed S Abdelkhalik Aleksandr Vaskin Toni López Aimi Abass Jaime Gómez Rivas |
| author_facet | Mohamed S Abdelkhalik Aleksandr Vaskin Toni López Aimi Abass Jaime Gómez Rivas |
| author_sort | Mohamed S Abdelkhalik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low light extraction efficiency (LEE) is the greatest limiting factor for the brightness of reduced-size light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as it limits their emission intensity. In addition, LEDs have a Lambertian emission, which requires secondary optics to control the emission directionality. Plasmonic metasurfaces can introduce a way of manipulating the generated light from LEDs to enhance their LEE and steer the emitted light by reshaping the far-field emission. Here, we fabricate resonant plasmonic metasurfaces on top of a typical blue emitting wafer consisting of InGaN/gallium nitride quantum wells developed for commercial LED devices. The metasurface is separated from the InGaN quantum wells by p-GaN and indium-tin-oxide (ITO) layers with a cumulative thickness of 110 nm. Since this distance value is close to the emission wavelength in the corresponding medium, enhanced near-fields of localized plasmonic resonances do not reach the active region. Despite this, we observe a strong influence of the metasurfaces on the far-field photoluminescence emission from the quantum wells as demonstrated by Fourier imaging. Power-dependent excitation measurements of the samples allow us to retrieve the pump and light collection enhancement factors provided by the plasmonic metasurfaces. We demonstrate that the plasmonic metasurfaces can provide a pump enhancement factor of up to 4.1 and a collection enhancement factor of up to 3.2. We have also performed simulations based on the reciprocity principle and achieved a good qualitative agreement with the experimental results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:26:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5db8889d033463a851953bdb8ab92d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2515-7647 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:26:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JPhys Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5db8889d033463a851953bdb8ab92d62023-04-18T13:49:58ZengIOP PublishingJPhys Photonics2515-76472023-01-015202500110.1088/2515-7647/acc7e6Unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurementsMohamed S Abdelkhalik0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3963-3481Aleksandr Vaskin1Toni López2Aimi Abass3Jaime Gómez Rivas4Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, and Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir Institute , PO Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The NetherlandsDepartment of Applied Physics and Science Education, and Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir Institute , PO Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The NetherlandsLumileds Germany GmbH , D-52068 Aachen, GermanyLumileds Germany GmbH , D-52068 Aachen, GermanyDepartment of Applied Physics and Science Education, and Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir Institute , PO Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The NetherlandsLow light extraction efficiency (LEE) is the greatest limiting factor for the brightness of reduced-size light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as it limits their emission intensity. In addition, LEDs have a Lambertian emission, which requires secondary optics to control the emission directionality. Plasmonic metasurfaces can introduce a way of manipulating the generated light from LEDs to enhance their LEE and steer the emitted light by reshaping the far-field emission. Here, we fabricate resonant plasmonic metasurfaces on top of a typical blue emitting wafer consisting of InGaN/gallium nitride quantum wells developed for commercial LED devices. The metasurface is separated from the InGaN quantum wells by p-GaN and indium-tin-oxide (ITO) layers with a cumulative thickness of 110 nm. Since this distance value is close to the emission wavelength in the corresponding medium, enhanced near-fields of localized plasmonic resonances do not reach the active region. Despite this, we observe a strong influence of the metasurfaces on the far-field photoluminescence emission from the quantum wells as demonstrated by Fourier imaging. Power-dependent excitation measurements of the samples allow us to retrieve the pump and light collection enhancement factors provided by the plasmonic metasurfaces. We demonstrate that the plasmonic metasurfaces can provide a pump enhancement factor of up to 4.1 and a collection enhancement factor of up to 3.2. We have also performed simulations based on the reciprocity principle and achieved a good qualitative agreement with the experimental results.https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7647/acc7e6metasurfacesLEDslight collection enhancementnumerical simulations |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed S Abdelkhalik Aleksandr Vaskin Toni López Aimi Abass Jaime Gómez Rivas Unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurements JPhys Photonics metasurfaces LEDs light collection enhancement numerical simulations |
| title | Unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurements |
| title_full | Unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurements |
| title_fullStr | Unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurements |
| title_short | Unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurements |
| title_sort | unveiling light collection and pump enhancement from quantum wells with plasmonic metasurfaces using power dependent measurements |
| topic | metasurfaces LEDs light collection enhancement numerical simulations |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7647/acc7e6 |
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