Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad‐hoc networks
Abstract A vehicular ad‐hoc network (VANET) is derived from a mobile ad‐hoc network that is a part of less infrastructure network design. Vehicular communication in VANET can be achieved using vehicle‐to‐infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle‐to‐vehicle (V2V) communication. A vehicle communicates with oth...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hindawi-IET
2023-03-01
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| Series: | IET Electrical Systems in Transportation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12069 |
| _version_ | 1797416321774780416 |
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| author | Afia Naeem Muhammad Rizwan Shtwai Alsubai Ahmad Almadhor Md. Akhtaruzzaman Shayla Islam Hameedur Rahman |
| author_facet | Afia Naeem Muhammad Rizwan Shtwai Alsubai Ahmad Almadhor Md. Akhtaruzzaman Shayla Islam Hameedur Rahman |
| author_sort | Afia Naeem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract A vehicular ad‐hoc network (VANET) is derived from a mobile ad‐hoc network that is a part of less infrastructure network design. Vehicular communication in VANET can be achieved using vehicle‐to‐infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle‐to‐vehicle (V2V) communication. A vehicle communicates with other vehicles through onboard units while communicating with roadside units in an infrastructure mode. Secure clustering is required for the communication between nodes in the whole network. The fundamental problem with the VANET is the instability of the network that occurs due to vehicles' mobile nature, which decreases the network's efficiency. This research proposes an enhanced cluster‐based lifetime protocol ECBLTR that focuses on maximising the network's stability of routing and average throughput. The Sugeno model fuzzy inference system is used for assessing the cluster head (CH) that takes residual energy, local distance, node degree, concentration, and distance from the base station as input parameters. Our enhanced routing protocol shows that the proper channel model with an efficient routing protocol enhances the link throughput of the VANET for fixed network size. Our results show an efficient selection method of CH through the fuzzy system and a 10% increase in network lifetime. Furthermore, performance evaluation also demonstrates the impact of network sizes and routing protocols on packet delivery ratio and packet loss, average end‐to‐end delay, and overhead transmission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:02:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5ef324b145f4030976439c6b650ff00 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2042-9738 2042-9746 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:02:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Hindawi-IET |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IET Electrical Systems in Transportation |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5ef324b145f4030976439c6b650ff002023-12-03T12:08:15ZengHindawi-IETIET Electrical Systems in Transportation2042-97382042-97462023-03-01131n/an/a10.1049/els2.12069Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad‐hoc networksAfia Naeem0Muhammad Rizwan1Shtwai Alsubai2Ahmad Almadhor3Md. Akhtaruzzaman4Shayla Islam5Hameedur Rahman6Department of Computer Science Kinnaird College for Women University Lahore PakistanSecure Cyber Systems Research Group WMG, University of Warwick Coventry UKCollege of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University AlKharj Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Computer Engineering and Networks College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Sakaka Saudi ArabiaAsian University of Bangladesh Dhaka BangladeshUCSI University Malaysia Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur MalaysiaDepartment of Computer Games Development Faculty of Computing and AI Air University Islamabad PakistanAbstract A vehicular ad‐hoc network (VANET) is derived from a mobile ad‐hoc network that is a part of less infrastructure network design. Vehicular communication in VANET can be achieved using vehicle‐to‐infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle‐to‐vehicle (V2V) communication. A vehicle communicates with other vehicles through onboard units while communicating with roadside units in an infrastructure mode. Secure clustering is required for the communication between nodes in the whole network. The fundamental problem with the VANET is the instability of the network that occurs due to vehicles' mobile nature, which decreases the network's efficiency. This research proposes an enhanced cluster‐based lifetime protocol ECBLTR that focuses on maximising the network's stability of routing and average throughput. The Sugeno model fuzzy inference system is used for assessing the cluster head (CH) that takes residual energy, local distance, node degree, concentration, and distance from the base station as input parameters. Our enhanced routing protocol shows that the proper channel model with an efficient routing protocol enhances the link throughput of the VANET for fixed network size. Our results show an efficient selection method of CH through the fuzzy system and a 10% increase in network lifetime. Furthermore, performance evaluation also demonstrates the impact of network sizes and routing protocols on packet delivery ratio and packet loss, average end‐to‐end delay, and overhead transmission.https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12069electric drivesfuzzy controltransportation |
| spellingShingle | Afia Naeem Muhammad Rizwan Shtwai Alsubai Ahmad Almadhor Md. Akhtaruzzaman Shayla Islam Hameedur Rahman Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad‐hoc networks IET Electrical Systems in Transportation electric drives fuzzy control transportation |
| title | Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad‐hoc networks |
| title_full | Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad‐hoc networks |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad‐hoc networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad‐hoc networks |
| title_short | Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad‐hoc networks |
| title_sort | enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad hoc networks |
| topic | electric drives fuzzy control transportation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12069 |
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