Snf2 Proteins Are Required to Generate Gamete Pronuclei in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i>
During sexual reproduction/conjugation of the ciliate <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i>, the germinal micronucleus undergoes meiosis resulting in four haploid micronuclei (hMICs). All hMICs undergo post-meiotic DNA double-strand break (PM-DSB) formation, cleaving their genome. DNA lesions a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/12/2426 |
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| author | Yasuhiro Fukuda Takahiko Akematsu Hironori Bando Kentaro Kato |
| author_facet | Yasuhiro Fukuda Takahiko Akematsu Hironori Bando Kentaro Kato |
| author_sort | Yasuhiro Fukuda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During sexual reproduction/conjugation of the ciliate <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i>, the germinal micronucleus undergoes meiosis resulting in four haploid micronuclei (hMICs). All hMICs undergo post-meiotic DNA double-strand break (PM-DSB) formation, cleaving their genome. DNA lesions are subsequently repaired in only one ‘selected’ hMIC, which eventually produces gametic pronuclei. DNA repair in the selected hMIC involves chromatin remodeling by switching from the heterochromatic to the euchromatic state of its genome. Here, we demonstrate that, among the 15 <i>Tetrahymena</i> Snf2 family proteins, a core of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex in <i>Tetrahymena</i>, the germline nucleus specific Iswi in <i>Tetrahymena</i> IswiG<sup>Tt</sup> and Rad5<sup>Tt</sup> is crucial for the generation of gametic pronuclei. In either gene knockout, the selected hMIC which shows euchromatin markers such as lysine-acetylated histone H3 does not appear, but all hMICs in which markers for DNA lesions persist are degraded, indicating that both IswiG<sup>Tt</sup> and Rad5<sup>Tt</sup> have important roles in repairing PM-DSB DNA lesions and remodeling chromatin for the euchromatic state in the selected hMIC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:04:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5f3fc2eab934961a506cf613ea697f9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:04:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5f3fc2eab934961a506cf613ea697f92023-11-24T16:48:54ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-12-011012242610.3390/microorganisms10122426Snf2 Proteins Are Required to Generate Gamete Pronuclei in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i>Yasuhiro Fukuda0Takahiko Akematsu1Hironori Bando2Kentaro Kato3Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki 989-6711, Miyagi, JapanDepartment of Biosciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo 156-8550, JapanGraduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki 989-6711, Miyagi, JapanGraduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki 989-6711, Miyagi, JapanDuring sexual reproduction/conjugation of the ciliate <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i>, the germinal micronucleus undergoes meiosis resulting in four haploid micronuclei (hMICs). All hMICs undergo post-meiotic DNA double-strand break (PM-DSB) formation, cleaving their genome. DNA lesions are subsequently repaired in only one ‘selected’ hMIC, which eventually produces gametic pronuclei. DNA repair in the selected hMIC involves chromatin remodeling by switching from the heterochromatic to the euchromatic state of its genome. Here, we demonstrate that, among the 15 <i>Tetrahymena</i> Snf2 family proteins, a core of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex in <i>Tetrahymena</i>, the germline nucleus specific Iswi in <i>Tetrahymena</i> IswiG<sup>Tt</sup> and Rad5<sup>Tt</sup> is crucial for the generation of gametic pronuclei. In either gene knockout, the selected hMIC which shows euchromatin markers such as lysine-acetylated histone H3 does not appear, but all hMICs in which markers for DNA lesions persist are degraded, indicating that both IswiG<sup>Tt</sup> and Rad5<sup>Tt</sup> have important roles in repairing PM-DSB DNA lesions and remodeling chromatin for the euchromatic state in the selected hMIC.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/12/2426<i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i>Snf2 family proteinschromatin remodelingpronucleiDNA repairIswi |
| spellingShingle | Yasuhiro Fukuda Takahiko Akematsu Hironori Bando Kentaro Kato Snf2 Proteins Are Required to Generate Gamete Pronuclei in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> Microorganisms <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> Snf2 family proteins chromatin remodeling pronuclei DNA repair Iswi |
| title | Snf2 Proteins Are Required to Generate Gamete Pronuclei in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> |
| title_full | Snf2 Proteins Are Required to Generate Gamete Pronuclei in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> |
| title_fullStr | Snf2 Proteins Are Required to Generate Gamete Pronuclei in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Snf2 Proteins Are Required to Generate Gamete Pronuclei in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> |
| title_short | Snf2 Proteins Are Required to Generate Gamete Pronuclei in <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> |
| title_sort | snf2 proteins are required to generate gamete pronuclei in i tetrahymena thermophila i |
| topic | <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> Snf2 family proteins chromatin remodeling pronuclei DNA repair Iswi |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/12/2426 |
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