Thermally tunable binary-phase VO2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryption

Metasurface holography has aroused immense interest in producing holographic images with high quality, higher-order diffraction-free, and large viewing angles by using a planar artificial sheet consisting of subwavelength nanostructures. Despite remarkable progress, dynamically tunable metasurface h...

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Main Authors: Liao Yuan, Fan Yulong, Lei Dangyuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: De Gruyter 2024-02-01
Series:Nanophotonics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0824
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author Liao Yuan
Fan Yulong
Lei Dangyuan
author_facet Liao Yuan
Fan Yulong
Lei Dangyuan
author_sort Liao Yuan
collection DOAJ
description Metasurface holography has aroused immense interest in producing holographic images with high quality, higher-order diffraction-free, and large viewing angles by using a planar artificial sheet consisting of subwavelength nanostructures. Despite remarkable progress, dynamically tunable metasurface holography in the visible band has rarely been reported due to limited available tuning methods. In this work, we propose and numerically demonstrate a thermally tunable vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanofin based binary-phase metasurface, which generates holographic information in the visible varying with temperature. The insulator-to-metal phase transition in VO2 nanofins allows two independent binary-phase holograms generated by machine learning to be encoded in the respective phases of VO2 and switched under thermal regulation. By elaborately designing the dimensions and compensated phase of VO2 nanofins, high-quality images are reconstructed at corresponding temperatures under appropriate chiral illumination. In contrast, much poorer images are produced under inappropriate chiral illumination. We further demonstrate the advantage of applying the VO2 phase-compensated metasurface in high-security digital encryption, where two desired character combinations are read out with appropriate excitations and temperatures, whereas one identical fraudulent message is received with inappropriate excitations. Our design approach offers a new and efficient method to realize tunable metasurfaces, which is promisingly adopted in dynamic display, information encryption, optical anti-counterfeiting, etc.
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spelling doaj.art-c5f9e6f9cd324bfda25d97ece656cefa2024-04-15T07:42:04ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142024-02-011371109111710.1515/nanoph-2023-0824Thermally tunable binary-phase VO2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryptionLiao Yuan0Fan Yulong1Lei Dangyuan2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaMetasurface holography has aroused immense interest in producing holographic images with high quality, higher-order diffraction-free, and large viewing angles by using a planar artificial sheet consisting of subwavelength nanostructures. Despite remarkable progress, dynamically tunable metasurface holography in the visible band has rarely been reported due to limited available tuning methods. In this work, we propose and numerically demonstrate a thermally tunable vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanofin based binary-phase metasurface, which generates holographic information in the visible varying with temperature. The insulator-to-metal phase transition in VO2 nanofins allows two independent binary-phase holograms generated by machine learning to be encoded in the respective phases of VO2 and switched under thermal regulation. By elaborately designing the dimensions and compensated phase of VO2 nanofins, high-quality images are reconstructed at corresponding temperatures under appropriate chiral illumination. In contrast, much poorer images are produced under inappropriate chiral illumination. We further demonstrate the advantage of applying the VO2 phase-compensated metasurface in high-security digital encryption, where two desired character combinations are read out with appropriate excitations and temperatures, whereas one identical fraudulent message is received with inappropriate excitations. Our design approach offers a new and efficient method to realize tunable metasurfaces, which is promisingly adopted in dynamic display, information encryption, optical anti-counterfeiting, etc.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0824metasurface holographytunable metasurfacevanadium dioxidemachine learning optimizationinformation encryption
spellingShingle Liao Yuan
Fan Yulong
Lei Dangyuan
Thermally tunable binary-phase VO2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryption
Nanophotonics
metasurface holography
tunable metasurface
vanadium dioxide
machine learning optimization
information encryption
title Thermally tunable binary-phase VO2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryption
title_full Thermally tunable binary-phase VO2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryption
title_fullStr Thermally tunable binary-phase VO2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryption
title_full_unstemmed Thermally tunable binary-phase VO2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryption
title_short Thermally tunable binary-phase VO2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryption
title_sort thermally tunable binary phase vo2 metasurfaces for switchable holography and digital encryption
topic metasurface holography
tunable metasurface
vanadium dioxide
machine learning optimization
information encryption
url https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0824
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