Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is probably one of the paradigms of disease linked to aging. Underlying the physiopathology of atherosclerosis are cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These factors are increased in the elderly and from chronic disease patients. Elevated levels of oxidative stres...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/12/2/215 |
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| author | Rafael Ramírez Noemi Ceprian Andrea Figuer Gemma Valera Guillermo Bodega Matilde Alique Julia Carracedo |
| author_facet | Rafael Ramírez Noemi Ceprian Andrea Figuer Gemma Valera Guillermo Bodega Matilde Alique Julia Carracedo |
| author_sort | Rafael Ramírez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atherosclerosis is probably one of the paradigms of disease linked to aging. Underlying the physiopathology of atherosclerosis are cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These factors are increased in the elderly and from chronic disease patients. Elevated levels of oxidative stress affect cellular function and metabolism, inducing senescence. This senescence modifies the cell phenotype into a senescent secretory phenotype. This phenotype activates immune cells, leading to chronic systemic inflammation. Moreover, due to their secretory phenotype, senescence cells present an increased release of highlighted extracellular vesicles that will change nearby/neighborhood cells and paracrine signaling. For this reason, searching for specific senescent cell biomarkers and therapies against the development/killing of senescent cells has become relevant. Recently, senomorphic and senolityc drugs have become relevant in slowing down or eliminating senescence cells. However, even though they have shown promising results in experimental studies, their clinical use is still yet to be determined. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:37:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c6057361c3034c389bf597a8f3bf38a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4426 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:37:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6057361c3034c389bf597a8f3bf38a02023-11-23T20:40:00ZengMDPI AGJournal of Personalized Medicine2075-44262022-02-0112221510.3390/jpm12020215Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in AtherosclerosisRafael Ramírez0Noemi Ceprian1Andrea Figuer2Gemma Valera3Guillermo Bodega4Matilde Alique5Julia Carracedo6Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain/Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain/Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain/Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, SpainAtherosclerosis is probably one of the paradigms of disease linked to aging. Underlying the physiopathology of atherosclerosis are cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These factors are increased in the elderly and from chronic disease patients. Elevated levels of oxidative stress affect cellular function and metabolism, inducing senescence. This senescence modifies the cell phenotype into a senescent secretory phenotype. This phenotype activates immune cells, leading to chronic systemic inflammation. Moreover, due to their secretory phenotype, senescence cells present an increased release of highlighted extracellular vesicles that will change nearby/neighborhood cells and paracrine signaling. For this reason, searching for specific senescent cell biomarkers and therapies against the development/killing of senescent cells has become relevant. Recently, senomorphic and senolityc drugs have become relevant in slowing down or eliminating senescence cells. However, even though they have shown promising results in experimental studies, their clinical use is still yet to be determined.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/12/2/215atherosclerosiscellular senescenceendothelial senescenceextracellular vesiclesinflammationsenolityc |
| spellingShingle | Rafael Ramírez Noemi Ceprian Andrea Figuer Gemma Valera Guillermo Bodega Matilde Alique Julia Carracedo Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis Journal of Personalized Medicine atherosclerosis cellular senescence endothelial senescence extracellular vesicles inflammation senolityc |
| title | Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis |
| title_full | Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis |
| title_short | Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis |
| title_sort | endothelial senescence and the chronic vascular diseases challenges and therapeutic opportunities in atherosclerosis |
| topic | atherosclerosis cellular senescence endothelial senescence extracellular vesicles inflammation senolityc |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/12/2/215 |
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