| Summary: | This
study was designed to evaluate the phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial
activities of Onobrychis nitida,
Hedysarum cappadocicum, Ebenus laguroides and Ebenus macrophylla which are
medicinal plants and endemic for the flora of Turkey. The RP-HPLC-DAD (reverse
phase-high performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector) was
used to evaluate the phenolic contents. The antioxidant properties were
determined to use total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant
power (FRAP), and DPPH• radical scavenging activity assays. Antibacterial tests
were performed against 11 different microorganisms by using the microwell
dilution method. Each of the plant extracts were confirmed by bioactive assays
which demonstrated a significant activity due to different chemical
characteristics. Especially, rutin was the dominant component in Ebenus species with 19.434-11.808 mg
phenolic/g extract. While the highest phenolic content (101.73 mg gallic acid
equivalent/g extract) was observed in O.
nitida, the highest FRAP value was in E.
laguroides (719.09 μM FeSO4.7H2O equivalent), and the
strongest DPPH degree was in the E.
macrophylla extract with IC50: 69.45 μg/mL, respectively. Although plant extracts didn’t have efficient
values for antimicrobial activity, the slight effect was arisen in O. nitida against B. subtilis and S. aureus.
The results showed that all the extracts could be used in pharmacological or
dietary applications due to their valuable properties.
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