| Summary: | Introduction
Pregestational smoking increases the risk of gestational diabetes
mellitus (GDM) and is a common health problem during pregnancy, with its
incidence on the rise worldwide, especially in China. This study is a meta-analysis
of passive smoking as a risk factor associated with GDM.
Methods
Two independent reviewers searched passive smoking and the risk of
GDM in PubMed, Medline, Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, China National
Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and Wanfang databases (up to May 2023). The
authors extracted the study data independently and used the Newcastle–Ottawa
scale (NOS) to evaluate the quality of the included articles. A meta-analysis
was conducted using a random effects model depending on the size of the
heterogeneity. Begg’s and Egger’s tests were performed to assess publication bias.
Results
The overall relative risk for GDM caused by passive smoking was 1.47
(95% CI: 1.31–1.64), with moderate heterogeneity between studies (I 2 =41.7%,
p=0.079). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were stable, and no evidence of
publication bias was found.
Conclusions
Passive smoking is a risk factor for GDM, even in those who are not
active smokers. To eliminate the effects of other confounding factors, larger
prospective cohort studies are required to clarify the relationship between passive
smoking and the occurrence of GDM.
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