Incidence of Morphological Defects in Sperm of Mice Exposed to Hospital Effluent
Hospital effluents are loaded with drugs, radioactive elements, pathogens, etc. Effluents from treatment plants at source sites may get mixed up with potable water, leading to numerous detrimental/toxic effects. In this study, efforts were made to investigate the toxic effects of one such effluent f...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Toxics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/5/418 |
| _version_ | 1797598253727875072 |
|---|---|
| author | Priyanka Mathur Kusum Rani Pradeep Bhatnagar Swaran Jeet Singh Flora |
| author_facet | Priyanka Mathur Kusum Rani Pradeep Bhatnagar Swaran Jeet Singh Flora |
| author_sort | Priyanka Mathur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hospital effluents are loaded with drugs, radioactive elements, pathogens, etc. Effluents from treatment plants at source sites may get mixed up with potable water, leading to numerous detrimental/toxic effects. In this study, efforts were made to investigate the toxic effects of one such effluent from a local hospital on the reproductive characteristics of mice when orally administered daily for 60 consecutive days. We primarily focused on the changes in the morphology of the sperm and its geometric morphometrics, i.e., sperm head length and width, area, and perimeter, measured using ImageJ software. The incidence of sperm defects was recorded, and variations in the morphometrics were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using Tukey’s post hoc test. A physico-chemical characterization of the water samples was also performed to assess the basic water quality. In summary, the study revealed the critical role of treated water in inducing different abnormalities in sperm, such as the absence of a head, bent necks, abnormal neck attachment, highly coiled tails, and missing tails. Significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.01 **, <i>p</i> < 0.001 ***) in the morphometrics of spermatozoa with banana heads, hammer heads, missing heads, pin heads, and missing hooks were noted compared to corresponding controls. It could thus be concluded that treated hospital effluent is still inadequately clean and contains significant amounts of toxicants that might be detrimental to sperm quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:16:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c642c90bc92447b1b6d29c2f0826ed89 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:16:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c642c90bc92447b1b6d29c2f0826ed892023-11-18T03:32:23ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-04-0111541810.3390/toxics11050418Incidence of Morphological Defects in Sperm of Mice Exposed to Hospital EffluentPriyanka Mathur0Kusum Rani1Pradeep Bhatnagar2Swaran Jeet Singh Flora3Department of Environment and Life Sciences (Zoology), IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur 302020, IndiaDepartment of Environment and Life Sciences (Zoology), IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur 302020, IndiaDepartment of Environment and Life Sciences (Zoology), IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur 302020, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacy, Era Medical University, Lucknow 226002, IndiaHospital effluents are loaded with drugs, radioactive elements, pathogens, etc. Effluents from treatment plants at source sites may get mixed up with potable water, leading to numerous detrimental/toxic effects. In this study, efforts were made to investigate the toxic effects of one such effluent from a local hospital on the reproductive characteristics of mice when orally administered daily for 60 consecutive days. We primarily focused on the changes in the morphology of the sperm and its geometric morphometrics, i.e., sperm head length and width, area, and perimeter, measured using ImageJ software. The incidence of sperm defects was recorded, and variations in the morphometrics were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using Tukey’s post hoc test. A physico-chemical characterization of the water samples was also performed to assess the basic water quality. In summary, the study revealed the critical role of treated water in inducing different abnormalities in sperm, such as the absence of a head, bent necks, abnormal neck attachment, highly coiled tails, and missing tails. Significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.01 **, <i>p</i> < 0.001 ***) in the morphometrics of spermatozoa with banana heads, hammer heads, missing heads, pin heads, and missing hooks were noted compared to corresponding controls. It could thus be concluded that treated hospital effluent is still inadequately clean and contains significant amounts of toxicants that might be detrimental to sperm quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/5/418hospital liquid effluentreproductive toxicologysperm deformitiessperm morphometrics |
| spellingShingle | Priyanka Mathur Kusum Rani Pradeep Bhatnagar Swaran Jeet Singh Flora Incidence of Morphological Defects in Sperm of Mice Exposed to Hospital Effluent Toxics hospital liquid effluent reproductive toxicology sperm deformities sperm morphometrics |
| title | Incidence of Morphological Defects in Sperm of Mice Exposed to Hospital Effluent |
| title_full | Incidence of Morphological Defects in Sperm of Mice Exposed to Hospital Effluent |
| title_fullStr | Incidence of Morphological Defects in Sperm of Mice Exposed to Hospital Effluent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incidence of Morphological Defects in Sperm of Mice Exposed to Hospital Effluent |
| title_short | Incidence of Morphological Defects in Sperm of Mice Exposed to Hospital Effluent |
| title_sort | incidence of morphological defects in sperm of mice exposed to hospital effluent |
| topic | hospital liquid effluent reproductive toxicology sperm deformities sperm morphometrics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/5/418 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT priyankamathur incidenceofmorphologicaldefectsinspermofmiceexposedtohospitaleffluent AT kusumrani incidenceofmorphologicaldefectsinspermofmiceexposedtohospitaleffluent AT pradeepbhatnagar incidenceofmorphologicaldefectsinspermofmiceexposedtohospitaleffluent AT swaranjeetsinghflora incidenceofmorphologicaldefectsinspermofmiceexposedtohospitaleffluent |