Transcript Abundance of Photorhabdus Insect-Related (Pir) Toxin in Manduca sexta and Galleria mellonella Infections
In this study, we assessed pirAB toxin transcription in Photorhabdus luminescens laumondii (strain TT01) (Enterobacteriaceae) by comparing mRNA abundance under in vivo and in vitro conditions. In vivo assays considered both natural and forced infections with two lepidopteran hosts: Galleria mellonel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-09-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/10/287 |
| _version_ | 1811306831631351808 |
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| author | Anaïs Castagnola Geraldine Mulley Nathaniel Davis Nicholas Waterfield S. Patricia Stock |
| author_facet | Anaïs Castagnola Geraldine Mulley Nathaniel Davis Nicholas Waterfield S. Patricia Stock |
| author_sort | Anaïs Castagnola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we assessed pirAB toxin transcription in Photorhabdus luminescens laumondii (strain TT01) (Enterobacteriaceae) by comparing mRNA abundance under in vivo and in vitro conditions. In vivo assays considered both natural and forced infections with two lepidopteran hosts: Galleria mellonella and Manduca sexta. Three portals of entry were utilized for the forced infection assays: (a) integument; (b) the digestive route (via mouth and anus); and (c) the tracheal route (via spiracles). We also assessed plu4093-2 transcription during the course of a natural infection; this is when the bacteria are delivered by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora nematodes. Transcript abundance in G. mellonella was higher than in M. sexta at two of the observed time points: 15 and 18 h. Expression of pirAB plu4093-2 reached above endogenous control levels at 22 h in G. mellonella but not in M. sexta. Overall, pirAB plu4093-2 transcripts were not as highly expressed in M. sexta as in G. mellonella, from 15 to 22 h. This is the first study to directly compare pirAB plu4093-2 toxin transcript production considering different portals of entry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:51:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c64459ebbb4a46b58b566ed5fb26658d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:51:47Z |
| publishDate | 2016-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-c64459ebbb4a46b58b566ed5fb26658d2022-12-22T02:53:27ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512016-09-0181028710.3390/toxins8100287toxins8100287Transcript Abundance of Photorhabdus Insect-Related (Pir) Toxin in Manduca sexta and Galleria mellonella InfectionsAnaïs Castagnola0Geraldine Mulley1Nathaniel Davis2Nicholas Waterfield3S. Patricia Stock4Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USASchool of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AJ, UKPima Community College, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADivision of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKCenter for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAIn this study, we assessed pirAB toxin transcription in Photorhabdus luminescens laumondii (strain TT01) (Enterobacteriaceae) by comparing mRNA abundance under in vivo and in vitro conditions. In vivo assays considered both natural and forced infections with two lepidopteran hosts: Galleria mellonella and Manduca sexta. Three portals of entry were utilized for the forced infection assays: (a) integument; (b) the digestive route (via mouth and anus); and (c) the tracheal route (via spiracles). We also assessed plu4093-2 transcription during the course of a natural infection; this is when the bacteria are delivered by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora nematodes. Transcript abundance in G. mellonella was higher than in M. sexta at two of the observed time points: 15 and 18 h. Expression of pirAB plu4093-2 reached above endogenous control levels at 22 h in G. mellonella but not in M. sexta. Overall, pirAB plu4093-2 transcripts were not as highly expressed in M. sexta as in G. mellonella, from 15 to 22 h. This is the first study to directly compare pirAB plu4093-2 toxin transcript production considering different portals of entry.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/10/287Photorhabdus luminescens laumondiipir toxinpirA and pirB transcript detectionportal of entrytissue specificity |
| spellingShingle | Anaïs Castagnola Geraldine Mulley Nathaniel Davis Nicholas Waterfield S. Patricia Stock Transcript Abundance of Photorhabdus Insect-Related (Pir) Toxin in Manduca sexta and Galleria mellonella Infections Toxins Photorhabdus luminescens laumondii pir toxin pirA and pirB transcript detection portal of entry tissue specificity |
| title | Transcript Abundance of Photorhabdus Insect-Related (Pir) Toxin in Manduca sexta and Galleria mellonella Infections |
| title_full | Transcript Abundance of Photorhabdus Insect-Related (Pir) Toxin in Manduca sexta and Galleria mellonella Infections |
| title_fullStr | Transcript Abundance of Photorhabdus Insect-Related (Pir) Toxin in Manduca sexta and Galleria mellonella Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcript Abundance of Photorhabdus Insect-Related (Pir) Toxin in Manduca sexta and Galleria mellonella Infections |
| title_short | Transcript Abundance of Photorhabdus Insect-Related (Pir) Toxin in Manduca sexta and Galleria mellonella Infections |
| title_sort | transcript abundance of photorhabdus insect related pir toxin in manduca sexta and galleria mellonella infections |
| topic | Photorhabdus luminescens laumondii pir toxin pirA and pirB transcript detection portal of entry tissue specificity |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/10/287 |
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