The Study of the Impact of Complex Foliar Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Sunflower Seeds (<i>Helianhtus annuus</i> L.) by Principal Component Analysis
The aim of the paper is to assess the impact of Foliar Fertilizations (FF) on the yield and quality of sunflower seeds. This research was carried out in the agricultural years of 2019–2021 in the experimental field of the university. The method of planting in the field was carried out in subdivided...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2074 |
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| author | Florin Crista Isidora Radulov Florinel Imbrea Dan Nicolae Manea Marius Boldea Iosif Gergen Anișoara Aurelia Ienciu Ioan Bănățean Dunea |
| author_facet | Florin Crista Isidora Radulov Florinel Imbrea Dan Nicolae Manea Marius Boldea Iosif Gergen Anișoara Aurelia Ienciu Ioan Bănățean Dunea |
| author_sort | Florin Crista |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of the paper is to assess the impact of Foliar Fertilizations (FF) on the yield and quality of sunflower seeds. This research was carried out in the agricultural years of 2019–2021 in the experimental field of the university. The method of planting in the field was carried out in subdivided plots with three repetitions and six fertilization options. The experimental variants were as follows: Control (Mt), V1—FF 10:10:10+ME (microelements), V2—FF 8:10:0+8B (Boron)+ME, V3—FF 15:0:0+2S (Sulfur)+1B+ME, V4—FF 15:0:0+4B+ME, and V5—FF 8:8:8+ME. FF treatments were carried out in the vegetation phases specific to the sunflower crop. These varied from 2–6 L ha<sup>−1</sup>, depending on the chemical composition of the product. The application of treatments with FF to the sunflower culture positively influenced both production and its quality expressed by specific quality indices, namely the content of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, fibers, and minerals. The results were discussed not only in view of classical statistics but also using the Principal Components Analysis (PCA), which allows a more complex evaluation of the effects of foliar treatments on the production and quality of sunflower seeds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:12:52Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:12:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6446f12f4f647ab974bada97576e4f22023-11-18T23:54:39ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-08-01138207410.3390/agronomy13082074The Study of the Impact of Complex Foliar Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Sunflower Seeds (<i>Helianhtus annuus</i> L.) by Principal Component AnalysisFlorin Crista0Isidora Radulov1Florinel Imbrea2Dan Nicolae Manea3Marius Boldea4Iosif Gergen5Anișoara Aurelia Ienciu6Ioan Bănățean Dunea7Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara (U.S.V.T.), 300645 Timișoara, RomaniaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara (U.S.V.T.), 300645 Timișoara, RomaniaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara (U.S.V.T.), 300645 Timișoara, RomaniaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara (U.S.V.T.), 300645 Timișoara, RomaniaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara (U.S.V.T.), 300645 Timișoara, RomaniaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara (U.S.V.T.), 300645 Timișoara, RomaniaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara (U.S.V.T.), 300645 Timișoara, RomaniaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara (U.S.V.T.), 300645 Timișoara, RomaniaThe aim of the paper is to assess the impact of Foliar Fertilizations (FF) on the yield and quality of sunflower seeds. This research was carried out in the agricultural years of 2019–2021 in the experimental field of the university. The method of planting in the field was carried out in subdivided plots with three repetitions and six fertilization options. The experimental variants were as follows: Control (Mt), V1—FF 10:10:10+ME (microelements), V2—FF 8:10:0+8B (Boron)+ME, V3—FF 15:0:0+2S (Sulfur)+1B+ME, V4—FF 15:0:0+4B+ME, and V5—FF 8:8:8+ME. FF treatments were carried out in the vegetation phases specific to the sunflower crop. These varied from 2–6 L ha<sup>−1</sup>, depending on the chemical composition of the product. The application of treatments with FF to the sunflower culture positively influenced both production and its quality expressed by specific quality indices, namely the content of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, fibers, and minerals. The results were discussed not only in view of classical statistics but also using the Principal Components Analysis (PCA), which allows a more complex evaluation of the effects of foliar treatments on the production and quality of sunflower seeds.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2074liquid fertilizersmacroelement fertilizationmicroelement fertilizationmacroelement sunflower seed compositionmicroelement sunflower seed compositionnutrient content in sunflower seeds |
| spellingShingle | Florin Crista Isidora Radulov Florinel Imbrea Dan Nicolae Manea Marius Boldea Iosif Gergen Anișoara Aurelia Ienciu Ioan Bănățean Dunea The Study of the Impact of Complex Foliar Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Sunflower Seeds (<i>Helianhtus annuus</i> L.) by Principal Component Analysis Agronomy liquid fertilizers macroelement fertilization microelement fertilization macroelement sunflower seed composition microelement sunflower seed composition nutrient content in sunflower seeds |
| title | The Study of the Impact of Complex Foliar Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Sunflower Seeds (<i>Helianhtus annuus</i> L.) by Principal Component Analysis |
| title_full | The Study of the Impact of Complex Foliar Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Sunflower Seeds (<i>Helianhtus annuus</i> L.) by Principal Component Analysis |
| title_fullStr | The Study of the Impact of Complex Foliar Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Sunflower Seeds (<i>Helianhtus annuus</i> L.) by Principal Component Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Study of the Impact of Complex Foliar Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Sunflower Seeds (<i>Helianhtus annuus</i> L.) by Principal Component Analysis |
| title_short | The Study of the Impact of Complex Foliar Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Sunflower Seeds (<i>Helianhtus annuus</i> L.) by Principal Component Analysis |
| title_sort | study of the impact of complex foliar fertilization on the yield and quality of sunflower seeds i helianhtus annuus i l by principal component analysis |
| topic | liquid fertilizers macroelement fertilization microelement fertilization macroelement sunflower seed composition microelement sunflower seed composition nutrient content in sunflower seeds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2074 |
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