The Impact of Affective Temperaments on Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors: Results from an Observational Multicentric Study on Patients with Mood Disorders
Suicide ideation and behaviors are major health issues in the field of mental health. Several psychological and psychosocial factors have been taken into account as possible predictors of suicidality. Only recently affective temperaments have been considered as possible factors linked to suicide. Th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/1/117 |
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| author | Mario Luciano Gaia Sampogna Bianca Della Rocca Alessio Simonetti Pasquale De Fazio Marco Di Nicola Giorgio Di Lorenzo Maria Pepe Fabio Sambataro Maria Salvina Signorelli Alexia Emilia Koukopoulos Roberto Delle Chiaie Gabriele Sani Andrea Fiorillo |
| author_facet | Mario Luciano Gaia Sampogna Bianca Della Rocca Alessio Simonetti Pasquale De Fazio Marco Di Nicola Giorgio Di Lorenzo Maria Pepe Fabio Sambataro Maria Salvina Signorelli Alexia Emilia Koukopoulos Roberto Delle Chiaie Gabriele Sani Andrea Fiorillo |
| author_sort | Mario Luciano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Suicide ideation and behaviors are major health issues in the field of mental health. Several psychological and psychosocial factors have been taken into account as possible predictors of suicidality. Only recently affective temperaments have been considered as possible factors linked to suicide. This study aims to investigate the relationship between affective temperaments and suicidality, including the lifetime onset of suicide ideation, lifetime presence of suicide attempts and the total number of lifetime suicide attempts. This is a naturalistic multicentric observational study, involving outpatient units of seven University sites in Italy. Patients were administered with the short version of TEMPS-M and the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. A total of 653 participants were recruited, with a diagnosis of bipolar (55.7%), unipolar (35.8%) and cyclothymic disorder (8.4%). Regression models showed that the presence of lifetime suicide behaviors was increased in patients presenting trait related impulsivity (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), poor free-interval functioning (<i>p</i> < 0.05), higher number of affective episodes (<i>p</i> < 0.01), higher number of hospitalizations (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), cyclothymic and irritable affective temperaments (<i>p</i> < 0.05 and <i>p</i> < 0.05, respectively). Conversely, the presence of hyperthymic affective disposition reduced the likelihood of having suicidal behaviors (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Lifetime suicidal ideation was associated with trait-related impulsivity (<i>p</i> < 0.001), poor free-interval functioning (<i>p</i> < 0.05), higher number of affective episodes (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and of hospitalizations (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Depressive temperaments increased the likelihood of presenting suicidal ideation (<i>p</i> < 0.05), along with irritable temperaments (<i>p</i> < 0.01), contrary to hyperthymic affective (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Results of the present study confirm that affective disposition has a significant impact on the onset of suicidal ideation and behaviors, and that affective dispositions should be assessed in clinical settings to identify people at risk of suicide. Moreover, a wider clinical evaluation, including different clinical psychopathological dimensions, should be taken into consideration to develop effective preventive interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:22:44Z |
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| id | doaj.art-c64fd3e8a0844f7ea608e3ae0d53a82d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:22:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c64fd3e8a0844f7ea608e3ae0d53a82d2023-11-30T21:27:53ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252023-01-0113111710.3390/brainsci13010117The Impact of Affective Temperaments on Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors: Results from an Observational Multicentric Study on Patients with Mood DisordersMario Luciano0Gaia Sampogna1Bianca Della Rocca2Alessio Simonetti3Pasquale De Fazio4Marco Di Nicola5Giorgio Di Lorenzo6Maria Pepe7Fabio Sambataro8Maria Salvina Signorelli9Alexia Emilia Koukopoulos10Roberto Delle Chiaie11Gabriele Sani12Andrea Fiorillo13Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, ItalyPsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, ItalySuicide ideation and behaviors are major health issues in the field of mental health. Several psychological and psychosocial factors have been taken into account as possible predictors of suicidality. Only recently affective temperaments have been considered as possible factors linked to suicide. This study aims to investigate the relationship between affective temperaments and suicidality, including the lifetime onset of suicide ideation, lifetime presence of suicide attempts and the total number of lifetime suicide attempts. This is a naturalistic multicentric observational study, involving outpatient units of seven University sites in Italy. Patients were administered with the short version of TEMPS-M and the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. A total of 653 participants were recruited, with a diagnosis of bipolar (55.7%), unipolar (35.8%) and cyclothymic disorder (8.4%). Regression models showed that the presence of lifetime suicide behaviors was increased in patients presenting trait related impulsivity (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), poor free-interval functioning (<i>p</i> < 0.05), higher number of affective episodes (<i>p</i> < 0.01), higher number of hospitalizations (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), cyclothymic and irritable affective temperaments (<i>p</i> < 0.05 and <i>p</i> < 0.05, respectively). Conversely, the presence of hyperthymic affective disposition reduced the likelihood of having suicidal behaviors (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Lifetime suicidal ideation was associated with trait-related impulsivity (<i>p</i> < 0.001), poor free-interval functioning (<i>p</i> < 0.05), higher number of affective episodes (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and of hospitalizations (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Depressive temperaments increased the likelihood of presenting suicidal ideation (<i>p</i> < 0.05), along with irritable temperaments (<i>p</i> < 0.01), contrary to hyperthymic affective (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Results of the present study confirm that affective disposition has a significant impact on the onset of suicidal ideation and behaviors, and that affective dispositions should be assessed in clinical settings to identify people at risk of suicide. Moreover, a wider clinical evaluation, including different clinical psychopathological dimensions, should be taken into consideration to develop effective preventive interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/1/117moodbipolarmajor depressionsuicide attemptssuicidal behaviorssuicidality |
| spellingShingle | Mario Luciano Gaia Sampogna Bianca Della Rocca Alessio Simonetti Pasquale De Fazio Marco Di Nicola Giorgio Di Lorenzo Maria Pepe Fabio Sambataro Maria Salvina Signorelli Alexia Emilia Koukopoulos Roberto Delle Chiaie Gabriele Sani Andrea Fiorillo The Impact of Affective Temperaments on Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors: Results from an Observational Multicentric Study on Patients with Mood Disorders Brain Sciences mood bipolar major depression suicide attempts suicidal behaviors suicidality |
| title | The Impact of Affective Temperaments on Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors: Results from an Observational Multicentric Study on Patients with Mood Disorders |
| title_full | The Impact of Affective Temperaments on Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors: Results from an Observational Multicentric Study on Patients with Mood Disorders |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Affective Temperaments on Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors: Results from an Observational Multicentric Study on Patients with Mood Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Affective Temperaments on Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors: Results from an Observational Multicentric Study on Patients with Mood Disorders |
| title_short | The Impact of Affective Temperaments on Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors: Results from an Observational Multicentric Study on Patients with Mood Disorders |
| title_sort | impact of affective temperaments on suicidal ideation and behaviors results from an observational multicentric study on patients with mood disorders |
| topic | mood bipolar major depression suicide attempts suicidal behaviors suicidality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/1/117 |
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