Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar
Abstract Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus (P) are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural runoff. Poultry litter (PL) is an abundant biochar feedstock. However, PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Biochar |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00263-5 |
| _version_ | 1827633567351439360 |
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| author | Joshua T. Padilla Donald W. Watts Jeffrey M. Novak Vasile Cerven James A. Ippolito Ariel A. Szogi Mark G. Johnson |
| author_facet | Joshua T. Padilla Donald W. Watts Jeffrey M. Novak Vasile Cerven James A. Ippolito Ariel A. Szogi Mark G. Johnson |
| author_sort | Joshua T. Padilla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus (P) are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural runoff. Poultry litter (PL) is an abundant biochar feedstock. However, PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effective P sorbents. This study investigated the effect of magnesium (Mg) activation on extractable P (EP) and P sorption capacities of PL-derived biochars. Biochar was produced at 500–900 °C from PL activated with 0–1 M Mg. Three differentially aged PL feedstocks were evaluated (1-, 3–5-, and 7–9-year-old). Increased Mg activation level and pyrolysis temperature both resulted in EP reductions from the biochars. Specifically, biochars produced at temperatures ≥ 700 °C from PL activated with ≥ 0.25 M Mg had negligible EP. X-ray diffractograms indicated that increased Mg loading favored the formation of stable Mg3(PO4)2 phases while increasing temperature favored the formation of both Mg3(PO4)2 and Ca5(PO4)3OH. Maximum P sorption capacities (Pmax) of the biochars were estimated by fitting Langmuir isotherms to batch sorption data and ranged from 0.66–10.35 mg g−1. Average Pmax values were not affected by PL age or pyrolysis temperature; however, biochars produced from 1 M Mg-activated PL did have significantly higher average Pmax values (p < 0.05), likely due to a greater abundance of MgO. Overall, the results demonstrated that Mg activation is an effective strategy for producing PL-derived biochars with the potential ability to reduce P loading into environmentally sensitive ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:01:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c65e109d2f8f407cb61bb12083d9a4a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2524-7867 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:01:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biochar |
| spelling | doaj.art-c65e109d2f8f407cb61bb12083d9a4a42023-11-26T13:55:01ZengSpringerBiochar2524-78672023-10-015111410.1007/s42773-023-00263-5Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biocharJoshua T. Padilla0Donald W. Watts1Jeffrey M. Novak2Vasile Cerven3James A. Ippolito4Ariel A. Szogi5Mark G. Johnson6United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research CenterUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research CenterUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research CenterUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research CenterSchool of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State UniversityUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research CenterCenter for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States Environmental Protection AgencyAbstract Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus (P) are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural runoff. Poultry litter (PL) is an abundant biochar feedstock. However, PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effective P sorbents. This study investigated the effect of magnesium (Mg) activation on extractable P (EP) and P sorption capacities of PL-derived biochars. Biochar was produced at 500–900 °C from PL activated with 0–1 M Mg. Three differentially aged PL feedstocks were evaluated (1-, 3–5-, and 7–9-year-old). Increased Mg activation level and pyrolysis temperature both resulted in EP reductions from the biochars. Specifically, biochars produced at temperatures ≥ 700 °C from PL activated with ≥ 0.25 M Mg had negligible EP. X-ray diffractograms indicated that increased Mg loading favored the formation of stable Mg3(PO4)2 phases while increasing temperature favored the formation of both Mg3(PO4)2 and Ca5(PO4)3OH. Maximum P sorption capacities (Pmax) of the biochars were estimated by fitting Langmuir isotherms to batch sorption data and ranged from 0.66–10.35 mg g−1. Average Pmax values were not affected by PL age or pyrolysis temperature; however, biochars produced from 1 M Mg-activated PL did have significantly higher average Pmax values (p < 0.05), likely due to a greater abundance of MgO. Overall, the results demonstrated that Mg activation is an effective strategy for producing PL-derived biochars with the potential ability to reduce P loading into environmentally sensitive ecosystems.https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00263-5 |
| spellingShingle | Joshua T. Padilla Donald W. Watts Jeffrey M. Novak Vasile Cerven James A. Ippolito Ariel A. Szogi Mark G. Johnson Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar Biochar |
| title | Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar |
| title_full | Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar |
| title_fullStr | Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar |
| title_short | Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar |
| title_sort | magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00263-5 |
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