Germination ecology of turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.) in the northern regions of Australia.
In Australia, turnip weed has been rapidly emerging as one of the major weeds in conservation agricultural systems. Germination and emergence of turnip weed were examined for two populations collected from Gatton and St George regions of Australia; two locations with high and low rainfall, respectiv...
| Autors principals: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Idioma: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2018-01-01
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| Col·lecció: | PLoS ONE |
| Accés en línia: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6053197?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1828386742590242816 |
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| author | Sudheesh Manalil Hafiz Haider Ali Bhagirath Singh Chauhan |
| author_facet | Sudheesh Manalil Hafiz Haider Ali Bhagirath Singh Chauhan |
| author_sort | Sudheesh Manalil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Australia, turnip weed has been rapidly emerging as one of the major weeds in conservation agricultural systems. Germination and emergence of turnip weed were examined for two populations collected from Gatton and St George regions of Australia; two locations with high and low rainfall, respectively. The seeds of turnip weed germinated at all the tested temperatures, but germination was the lowest at 15/5°C, intermediate at 20/10°C and highest at 25/15°C and 30/20°C. The results indicated a high adaptability of turnip weed to warm environmental conditions, although it is a major problem in the winter season. Germination was higher in dark than light/dark regimes except at 30/20°C. Three was a concomitant reduction in germination as the osmotic potential values decreased from 0 to -1.0 MPa. There was 2 and 4% germination at -0.8 MPa for Gatton and St George populations, respectively, and no germination occurred at an osmotic potential of -1.0 MPa. There was a reduction in germination when the sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration was increased from 0 to 150 mM, and no germination was observed at 200 and 250 mM of NaCl. Turnip weed germinated over a broad range of pH (4 to 10). Seedling emergence was higher at 1 cm depth compared to 0.5 cm or at the soil surface. There was 28 and 33% emergence at the surface for the Gatton and St George populations, respectively, compared to 48 and 56% emergence from 1 cm depth for the Gatton and St George populations, respectively and no emergence was observed from 6 cm depth. The results indicated that tillage leading to shallow burial would promote the emergence of turnip weed; on the contrary, tillage that could bury seeds deep into the soil profile might minimise the emergence. Under ideal conditions and lack of integrated weed management programmes, this weed will emerge, set seeds and enrich the soil seed bank and thereby continue to be a problem in the northern grain region of Australia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:43:42Z |
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| id | doaj.art-c65f13f7a70f481f81d4e50b39123d6c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:43:42Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-c65f13f7a70f481f81d4e50b39123d6c2022-12-22T02:00:14ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-01137e020102310.1371/journal.pone.0201023Germination ecology of turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.) in the northern regions of Australia.Sudheesh ManalilHafiz Haider AliBhagirath Singh ChauhanIn Australia, turnip weed has been rapidly emerging as one of the major weeds in conservation agricultural systems. Germination and emergence of turnip weed were examined for two populations collected from Gatton and St George regions of Australia; two locations with high and low rainfall, respectively. The seeds of turnip weed germinated at all the tested temperatures, but germination was the lowest at 15/5°C, intermediate at 20/10°C and highest at 25/15°C and 30/20°C. The results indicated a high adaptability of turnip weed to warm environmental conditions, although it is a major problem in the winter season. Germination was higher in dark than light/dark regimes except at 30/20°C. Three was a concomitant reduction in germination as the osmotic potential values decreased from 0 to -1.0 MPa. There was 2 and 4% germination at -0.8 MPa for Gatton and St George populations, respectively, and no germination occurred at an osmotic potential of -1.0 MPa. There was a reduction in germination when the sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration was increased from 0 to 150 mM, and no germination was observed at 200 and 250 mM of NaCl. Turnip weed germinated over a broad range of pH (4 to 10). Seedling emergence was higher at 1 cm depth compared to 0.5 cm or at the soil surface. There was 28 and 33% emergence at the surface for the Gatton and St George populations, respectively, compared to 48 and 56% emergence from 1 cm depth for the Gatton and St George populations, respectively and no emergence was observed from 6 cm depth. The results indicated that tillage leading to shallow burial would promote the emergence of turnip weed; on the contrary, tillage that could bury seeds deep into the soil profile might minimise the emergence. Under ideal conditions and lack of integrated weed management programmes, this weed will emerge, set seeds and enrich the soil seed bank and thereby continue to be a problem in the northern grain region of Australia.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6053197?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Sudheesh Manalil Hafiz Haider Ali Bhagirath Singh Chauhan Germination ecology of turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.) in the northern regions of Australia. PLoS ONE |
| title | Germination ecology of turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.) in the northern regions of Australia. |
| title_full | Germination ecology of turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.) in the northern regions of Australia. |
| title_fullStr | Germination ecology of turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.) in the northern regions of Australia. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Germination ecology of turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.) in the northern regions of Australia. |
| title_short | Germination ecology of turnip weed (Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.) in the northern regions of Australia. |
| title_sort | germination ecology of turnip weed rapistrum rugosum l all in the northern regions of australia |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6053197?pdf=render |
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