Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in COVID-19 Pandemic Management; a Systematic Review
Introduction: Different countries throughout the world have adopted non-pharmacologic interventions to reduce and control SARS - CoV-2. In this systematic approach, the impact of non-pharmacologic interventions in management of COVID-19 pandemic was assessed. Methods: Following Preferred Reportin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/aaem/index.php/AAEM/article/view/1828 |
| _version_ | 1827867563549261824 |
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| author | Koorosh Etemad Parisa Mohseni Saeideh Shojaei Seyed Ali Mousavi Shakiba Taherkhani Fatemeh Fallah Atatalab Hadis Ghajari Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari Manoochehr Karami Manoochehr Karami Neda Izadi Mahmoud Hajipour |
| author_facet | Koorosh Etemad Parisa Mohseni Saeideh Shojaei Seyed Ali Mousavi Shakiba Taherkhani Fatemeh Fallah Atatalab Hadis Ghajari Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari Manoochehr Karami Manoochehr Karami Neda Izadi Mahmoud Hajipour |
| author_sort | Koorosh Etemad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction: Different countries throughout the world have adopted non-pharmacologic interventions to reduce and control SARS - CoV-2. In this systematic approach, the impact of non-pharmacologic interventions in management of COVID-19 pandemic was assessed.
Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, systematic search was carried out on the basis of a search strategy on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and WHO databases on COVID-19. The impact of travel ban, personal protective equipment, distancing, contact tracing, school closure, and social distancing and the combined effect of interventions on COVID-19 were assessed.
Results: Of the 14,857 articles found, 44 were relevant. Studies in different countries have shown that various non-pharmacological interventions have been used during the COVID-19 pandemic. The travel ban, either locally or internationally in most of the countries, movement restriction, social distancing, lockdown, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), quarantine, school closure, work place closure, and contact tracing had a significant impact on the reduction of mortality or morbidity of COVID-19.
Conclusion: Evidence shows that the implementation of non-pharmacologic interventions (NPIs), for example, social distancing, quarantine, and personal protective equipment’s are generally effective and the best way to prevent or reduce transmission. However, this study suggests that the effectiveness of any NPI alone is probably limited, thus, a combination of various actions, for example, social distancing, isolation, and quarantine, distancing in the workplace and use of personal protective equipment, is more effective in reducing COVID-19.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:18:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c6613292e0ee4b298f0d494ee57b9bd3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2645-4904 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:18:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6613292e0ee4b298f0d494ee57b9bd32023-08-11T09:02:56ZengShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesArchives of Academic Emergency Medicine2645-49042023-07-01111Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in COVID-19 Pandemic Management; a Systematic ReviewKoorosh Etemad0Parisa Mohseni1Saeideh Shojaei2Seyed Ali Mousavi3Shakiba Taherkhani4Fatemeh Fallah Atatalab5Hadis Ghajari6Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari7Manoochehr Karami8Manoochehr Karami9Neda Izadi10Mahmoud Hajipour 11Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranStudent Research committee, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Public Health, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Science, Shoushtar, IranDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSchool of public health and safety, Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranPediatric Gastroentrology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Introduction: Different countries throughout the world have adopted non-pharmacologic interventions to reduce and control SARS - CoV-2. In this systematic approach, the impact of non-pharmacologic interventions in management of COVID-19 pandemic was assessed. Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, systematic search was carried out on the basis of a search strategy on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and WHO databases on COVID-19. The impact of travel ban, personal protective equipment, distancing, contact tracing, school closure, and social distancing and the combined effect of interventions on COVID-19 were assessed. Results: Of the 14,857 articles found, 44 were relevant. Studies in different countries have shown that various non-pharmacological interventions have been used during the COVID-19 pandemic. The travel ban, either locally or internationally in most of the countries, movement restriction, social distancing, lockdown, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), quarantine, school closure, work place closure, and contact tracing had a significant impact on the reduction of mortality or morbidity of COVID-19. Conclusion: Evidence shows that the implementation of non-pharmacologic interventions (NPIs), for example, social distancing, quarantine, and personal protective equipment’s are generally effective and the best way to prevent or reduce transmission. However, this study suggests that the effectiveness of any NPI alone is probably limited, thus, a combination of various actions, for example, social distancing, isolation, and quarantine, distancing in the workplace and use of personal protective equipment, is more effective in reducing COVID-19. https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/aaem/index.php/AAEM/article/view/1828Non-pharmaceutical interventionssocial distancingQuarantineIsolationCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2 |
| spellingShingle | Koorosh Etemad Parisa Mohseni Saeideh Shojaei Seyed Ali Mousavi Shakiba Taherkhani Fatemeh Fallah Atatalab Hadis Ghajari Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari Manoochehr Karami Manoochehr Karami Neda Izadi Mahmoud Hajipour Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in COVID-19 Pandemic Management; a Systematic Review Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine Non-pharmaceutical interventions social distancing Quarantine Isolation COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 |
| title | Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in COVID-19 Pandemic Management; a Systematic Review |
| title_full | Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in COVID-19 Pandemic Management; a Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in COVID-19 Pandemic Management; a Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in COVID-19 Pandemic Management; a Systematic Review |
| title_short | Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in COVID-19 Pandemic Management; a Systematic Review |
| title_sort | non pharmacologic interventions in covid 19 pandemic management a systematic review |
| topic | Non-pharmaceutical interventions social distancing Quarantine Isolation COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 |
| url | https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/aaem/index.php/AAEM/article/view/1828 |
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