Descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes, emamectin benzoate, and oxytetracycline
In marine sediments surrounding salmon aquaculture sites, organic matter (OM) enrichment has been shown to influence resident bacterial community composition; however, additional effects on these communities due to combined use of the sea-lice therapeutant emamectin benzoate (EMB) and the widely use...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323011879 |
| _version_ | 1797435878544506880 |
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| author | Lisa A. Johnson Suzanne C. Dufour Derek D.N. Smith Anthony J. Manning Bulbul Ahmed Sherry Binette Dounia Hamoutene |
| author_facet | Lisa A. Johnson Suzanne C. Dufour Derek D.N. Smith Anthony J. Manning Bulbul Ahmed Sherry Binette Dounia Hamoutene |
| author_sort | Lisa A. Johnson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In marine sediments surrounding salmon aquaculture sites, organic matter (OM) enrichment has been shown to influence resident bacterial community composition; however, additional effects on these communities due to combined use of the sea-lice therapeutant emamectin benzoate (EMB) and the widely used antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) are unknown. Here, we use sediment microcosms to assess the influence of OM, EMB, and OTC on benthic bacterial communities. Microcosms consisted of mud or sand sediments enriched with OM (fish and feed wastes) and spiked with EMB and OTC at environmentally-relevant concentrations. Samples were collected from initial matrices at the initiation of the trial and after 110 days for 16 S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region and microbiome profiling. The addition of OM in both mud and sand sediments reduced alpha diversities; for example, an average of 1106 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were detected in mud with no OM addition, while only 729 and 596 ASVs were detected in mud with low OM and high OM, respectively. Sediments enriched with OM had higher relative abundances of Spirochaetota, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota. For instance, Spirochaetota were detected in sediments with no OM with a relative abundance range of 0.01–1.2%, while in sediments enriched with OM relative abundance varied from 0.16% to 26.1%. In contrast, the addition of EMB (60 ng/g) or OTC (150 ng/g) did not result in distinct taxonomic shifts in the bacterial communities compared to un-spiked sediments during the timeline of this experiment. EMB and OTC concentrations may have been below effective inhibitor concentrations for taxa in these communities; further work should explore gene content and the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in sediment-dwelling bacteria. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:53:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c67b9098359348dc82f8d80f2500223e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:53:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-c67b9098359348dc82f8d80f2500223e2023-12-01T05:00:25ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132023-12-01268115683Descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes, emamectin benzoate, and oxytetracyclineLisa A. Johnson0Suzanne C. Dufour1Derek D.N. Smith2Anthony J. Manning3Bulbul Ahmed4Sherry Binette5Dounia Hamoutene6St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, CanadaDepartment of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, CanadaEnvironment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON K1V 1C7, CanadaResearch & Productivity Council (RPC), Fredericton, NB E3B 6Z9, CanadaResearch & Productivity Council (RPC), Fredericton, NB E3B 6Z9, CanadaResearch & Productivity Council (RPC), Fredericton, NB E3B 6Z9, CanadaSt. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada; Corresponding author.In marine sediments surrounding salmon aquaculture sites, organic matter (OM) enrichment has been shown to influence resident bacterial community composition; however, additional effects on these communities due to combined use of the sea-lice therapeutant emamectin benzoate (EMB) and the widely used antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) are unknown. Here, we use sediment microcosms to assess the influence of OM, EMB, and OTC on benthic bacterial communities. Microcosms consisted of mud or sand sediments enriched with OM (fish and feed wastes) and spiked with EMB and OTC at environmentally-relevant concentrations. Samples were collected from initial matrices at the initiation of the trial and after 110 days for 16 S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region and microbiome profiling. The addition of OM in both mud and sand sediments reduced alpha diversities; for example, an average of 1106 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were detected in mud with no OM addition, while only 729 and 596 ASVs were detected in mud with low OM and high OM, respectively. Sediments enriched with OM had higher relative abundances of Spirochaetota, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota. For instance, Spirochaetota were detected in sediments with no OM with a relative abundance range of 0.01–1.2%, while in sediments enriched with OM relative abundance varied from 0.16% to 26.1%. In contrast, the addition of EMB (60 ng/g) or OTC (150 ng/g) did not result in distinct taxonomic shifts in the bacterial communities compared to un-spiked sediments during the timeline of this experiment. EMB and OTC concentrations may have been below effective inhibitor concentrations for taxa in these communities; further work should explore gene content and the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in sediment-dwelling bacteria.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132301187916S rRNA gene sequencingAquacultureSalmonMicrobiome |
| spellingShingle | Lisa A. Johnson Suzanne C. Dufour Derek D.N. Smith Anthony J. Manning Bulbul Ahmed Sherry Binette Dounia Hamoutene Descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes, emamectin benzoate, and oxytetracycline Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 16S rRNA gene sequencing Aquaculture Salmon Microbiome |
| title | Descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes, emamectin benzoate, and oxytetracycline |
| title_full | Descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes, emamectin benzoate, and oxytetracycline |
| title_fullStr | Descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes, emamectin benzoate, and oxytetracycline |
| title_full_unstemmed | Descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes, emamectin benzoate, and oxytetracycline |
| title_short | Descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes, emamectin benzoate, and oxytetracycline |
| title_sort | descriptive analyses of bacterial communities in marine sediment microcosms spiked with fish wastes emamectin benzoate and oxytetracycline |
| topic | 16S rRNA gene sequencing Aquaculture Salmon Microbiome |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323011879 |
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