Correlation between Hand Grip Strength and Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Optimal peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) is required for effective drug delivery to distal airways when using dry powder inhalers (DPIs). This study aimed to examine the association between PIFR and hand grip strength (HGS) in stable COPD patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted. PIFR was me...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/12/3050 |
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| author | Apisara Suriyakul Narongkorn Saiphoklang Igor Barjaktarevic Christopher B. Cooper |
| author_facet | Apisara Suriyakul Narongkorn Saiphoklang Igor Barjaktarevic Christopher B. Cooper |
| author_sort | Apisara Suriyakul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optimal peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) is required for effective drug delivery to distal airways when using dry powder inhalers (DPIs). This study aimed to examine the association between PIFR and hand grip strength (HGS) in stable COPD patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted. PIFR was measured using the In-check DIAL to assess for Accuhaler and Turbuhaler DPIs. HGS was measured using a handheld dynamometer. A PIFR of <60 L/min was considered suboptimal PIFR. Demographics, clinical data, and spirometric data were collected and compared. Eighty-one patients (86% men) were included. Mean age was 73.3 ± 8.9 years. FEV<sub>1</sub> was 65.3 ± 23.7%. The prevalence of suboptimal PIFR was 38% and 59% for Accuhaler and Turbuhaler, respectively. HGS in the suboptimal PIFR group was lower than in the optimal PIFR group for Accuhaler (22.8 ± 4.7 vs. 33.2 ± 6.9 kg, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and for Turbuhaler (25.3 ± 6.4 vs. 35.1 ± 6.3 kg, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The equation for predicted Accuhaler PIFR (L/min) was −30.340 + (0.274 × hand grip strength) − (0.206 × age) + (0.219 × height) + (1.019 × FVC). The equation for predicted Turbuhaler PIFR (L/min) was 56.196 + (0.321 × hand grip strength) − (0.196 × female) − (0.224 × age) + (0.304 × FVC). The best cutoff values of HGS for predicting optimal PIFR in Accuhaler and Turbuhaler were 26.8 kg (with 82% sensitivity and 84% specificity) and 31.9 kg (with 79% sensitivity and 90% specificity), respectively. In conclusion, HGS correlated with PIFR in patients with clinically stable COPD, especially in the group with pronounced symptoms without frequent exacerbations. HGS threshold values associated with suboptimal PIFR were identified. HGS may be used as an alternative tool to assess an optimal inspiratory force for DPIs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:08:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c68afc990b9d4fcab3aaad14f8686893 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:08:42Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c68afc990b9d4fcab3aaad14f86868932023-11-24T14:17:48ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-12-011212305010.3390/diagnostics12123050Correlation between Hand Grip Strength and Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseApisara Suriyakul0Narongkorn Saiphoklang1Igor Barjaktarevic2Christopher B. Cooper3Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, ThailandDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, ThailandDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAOptimal peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) is required for effective drug delivery to distal airways when using dry powder inhalers (DPIs). This study aimed to examine the association between PIFR and hand grip strength (HGS) in stable COPD patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted. PIFR was measured using the In-check DIAL to assess for Accuhaler and Turbuhaler DPIs. HGS was measured using a handheld dynamometer. A PIFR of <60 L/min was considered suboptimal PIFR. Demographics, clinical data, and spirometric data were collected and compared. Eighty-one patients (86% men) were included. Mean age was 73.3 ± 8.9 years. FEV<sub>1</sub> was 65.3 ± 23.7%. The prevalence of suboptimal PIFR was 38% and 59% for Accuhaler and Turbuhaler, respectively. HGS in the suboptimal PIFR group was lower than in the optimal PIFR group for Accuhaler (22.8 ± 4.7 vs. 33.2 ± 6.9 kg, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and for Turbuhaler (25.3 ± 6.4 vs. 35.1 ± 6.3 kg, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The equation for predicted Accuhaler PIFR (L/min) was −30.340 + (0.274 × hand grip strength) − (0.206 × age) + (0.219 × height) + (1.019 × FVC). The equation for predicted Turbuhaler PIFR (L/min) was 56.196 + (0.321 × hand grip strength) − (0.196 × female) − (0.224 × age) + (0.304 × FVC). The best cutoff values of HGS for predicting optimal PIFR in Accuhaler and Turbuhaler were 26.8 kg (with 82% sensitivity and 84% specificity) and 31.9 kg (with 79% sensitivity and 90% specificity), respectively. In conclusion, HGS correlated with PIFR in patients with clinically stable COPD, especially in the group with pronounced symptoms without frequent exacerbations. HGS threshold values associated with suboptimal PIFR were identified. HGS may be used as an alternative tool to assess an optimal inspiratory force for DPIs.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/12/3050Accuhalerdry powder inhalershand grip strengthpeak inspiratory flow rateTurbuhaler |
| spellingShingle | Apisara Suriyakul Narongkorn Saiphoklang Igor Barjaktarevic Christopher B. Cooper Correlation between Hand Grip Strength and Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Diagnostics Accuhaler dry powder inhalers hand grip strength peak inspiratory flow rate Turbuhaler |
| title | Correlation between Hand Grip Strength and Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_full | Correlation between Hand Grip Strength and Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_fullStr | Correlation between Hand Grip Strength and Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlation between Hand Grip Strength and Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_short | Correlation between Hand Grip Strength and Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_sort | correlation between hand grip strength and peak inspiratory flow rate in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| topic | Accuhaler dry powder inhalers hand grip strength peak inspiratory flow rate Turbuhaler |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/12/3050 |
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