Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies
Abstract The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90–95% of the total diabetes cases worldwide. Besides affecting the ability of body to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Cardiovascular Diabetology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12933-018-0763-3 |
| _version_ | 1818428855767007232 |
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| author | Raminderjit Kaur Manpreet Kaur Jatinder Singh |
| author_facet | Raminderjit Kaur Manpreet Kaur Jatinder Singh |
| author_sort | Raminderjit Kaur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90–95% of the total diabetes cases worldwide. Besides affecting the ability of body to use glucose, it is associated with micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications. Augmented atherosclerosis is documented to be the key factor leading to vascular complications in T2DM patients. The metabolic milieu of T2DM, including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and release of excess free fatty acids, along with other metabolic abnormalities affects vascular wall by a series of events including endothelial dysfunction, platelet hyperactivity, oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation. Activation of these events further enhances vasoconstriction and promotes thrombus formation, ultimately resulting in the development of atherosclerosis. All these evidences are supported by the clinical trials reporting the importance of endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular complications. In this review, an attempt has been made to comprehensively compile updated information available in context of endothelial and platelet dysfunction in T2DM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:08:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c690253ea5a34f019fa65921a88b3a1f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2840 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:08:15Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cardiovascular Diabetology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c690253ea5a34f019fa65921a88b3a1f2022-12-21T22:56:39ZengBMCCardiovascular Diabetology1475-28402018-08-0117111710.1186/s12933-018-0763-3Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategiesRaminderjit Kaur0Manpreet Kaur1Jatinder Singh2Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev UniversityDepartment of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev UniversityDepartment of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAbstract The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90–95% of the total diabetes cases worldwide. Besides affecting the ability of body to use glucose, it is associated with micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications. Augmented atherosclerosis is documented to be the key factor leading to vascular complications in T2DM patients. The metabolic milieu of T2DM, including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and release of excess free fatty acids, along with other metabolic abnormalities affects vascular wall by a series of events including endothelial dysfunction, platelet hyperactivity, oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation. Activation of these events further enhances vasoconstriction and promotes thrombus formation, ultimately resulting in the development of atherosclerosis. All these evidences are supported by the clinical trials reporting the importance of endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular complications. In this review, an attempt has been made to comprehensively compile updated information available in context of endothelial and platelet dysfunction in T2DM.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12933-018-0763-3HyperglycemiaInsulin resistanceInflammationOxidative stressVascular complications |
| spellingShingle | Raminderjit Kaur Manpreet Kaur Jatinder Singh Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies Cardiovascular Diabetology Hyperglycemia Insulin resistance Inflammation Oxidative stress Vascular complications |
| title | Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies |
| title_full | Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies |
| title_fullStr | Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies |
| title_short | Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies |
| title_sort | endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus molecular insights and therapeutic strategies |
| topic | Hyperglycemia Insulin resistance Inflammation Oxidative stress Vascular complications |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12933-018-0763-3 |
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